Parametric analysis of a high temperature packed bed thermal storage design for a solar gas turbine

Klein, Peter; Roos, Thomas H.; Sheer, TJ

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2015.05.008

Cited by 53 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The filler materials considered were cast steel, gray cast iron, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), magnesia fire brick, silica fire brick, and carbon as graphite. Table 4.2 presents the properties and unit costs of these materials (Herrmann and Kearney (2002), Klein et. al.…”

Section: Secondary Pressure Vessel With Solid Sensible Heat Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Storage Options for Sodium, Salt and Helium Cooled Reactors to Enable Variable Electricity to the Grid and Heat to Industry with Base-Load Reactor Operations

Forsberg

Sabharwall

2018

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Electricity markets are changing rapidly because of (1) the addition of wind and solar and (2) the goal of a low-carbon electricity grid. These changes result in times of high electricity prices and very low or negative electricity prices. California has seen its first month where more than 20% of the time (mid-day) the wholesale price of electricity was zero or negative. This creates large incentives for coupling heat storage to advanced reactors to enable variable electricity and industrial-heat output (maximize revenue) while the reactor operates at base load (minimize cost).Recent studies have examined coupling various types of heat storage to Rankine and Brayton power cycles. However, there has been little examination of heat-storage options between (1) the reactor and (2) the power-conversion system or industrial customer. Heat-storage systems can be incorporated into sodium, helium-, and salt-cooled reactors. Salt-cooled reactors include the fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor (FHR) with its solid fuel and clean coolant and the molten salt reactor (MSR) with its fuel dissolved in the salt. For sodium and salt reactors, it is assumed that a heat-storage system would be in the secondary loop between the reactor and power cycle. For helium-cooled reactors, heat storage can be in the primary or secondary loop.This report is a first look at the rational and the heat storage options for deploying gigawatt-watt hour heat-storage systems with GenIV reactors. Economics and safety are the primary selection criteria. The leading heat-storage candidate for sodium-cooled systems (a low-pressure secondary system with small temperature drop across the reactor core) is steel in large tanks with the sodium flowing through channels to move heat in and out of storage. The design minimizes sodium volume in the storage and, thus, the risks and costs associated with sodium. For helium systems (high-pressure with large temperature drop across the core), the leading heat storage options are (1) varying the temperature of the reactor core, (2) steel or alumina firebrick in a secondary pressure vessel and (3) nitrate or hot-rock/firebrick at atmospheric pressure. For salt systems (low pressure, high temperatures, and small temperature drop across the reactor core) the leading heat-storage systems are secondary salts. In each case, options are identified and questions to be addressed are identified.In some cases there is a strong coupling between the heat-storage technology and the power cycle. The leading sodium heat-storage technology may imply changes in the power cycle. High-temperature salt systems couple efficiency to Brayton power cycles that may create large incentives for the heat storage to remain within the power cycle rather than in any intermediate heat transfer loop.iv v CANES PUBLICATIONSTopical and progress reports are published under seven series:

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Section: Secondary Pressure Vessel With Solid Sensible Heat Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Storage Options for Sodium, Salt and Helium Cooled Reactors to Enable Variable Electricity to the Grid and Heat to Industry with Base-Load Reactor Operations

Forsberg

Sabharwall

2018

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“…Indirect with gas as HTF and solid storage Another possibility of indirect storage uses a secondary HTF (gas) to transfer the thermal energy to a solid storage ( Figure 5) [15]. The same gas could be used for heating up the solid storage as well as for the gas cycle [16]. In particle receiver systems, moving bed HX are developed with particles flowing through tubes on one side and gas or steam being heated up on the other side [17], [18].…”

Section: Indirect Two Tank Molten Saltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of thermal energy storage options in a sodium-based CSP plant

Niedermeier

Flesch

Marocco

et al. 2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

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“…Most of CSP plants use fossil fuels as back‐up to generate electricity when solar radiation is not adequate to run turbine . Moreover, solar radiation can be applied in order to heat‐up air or other working fluids, increase its temperature, the heated working fluid runs a turbine and generate electricity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,36 Moreover, solar radiation can be applied in order to heat-up air or other working fluids, increase its temperature, the heated working fluid runs a turbine and generate electricity. 37,28 Solar heating ability can be used in improving existing power plants which use fossil fuels. 38,39 In this method, outlet gas from the compressor of a gas turbine is warm up by solar energy and afterward enters the combustion chamber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on solar‐assisted gas turbines

Ahmadi

Nazari

Ghasempour

et al. 2018

Energy Science & Engineering

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The thermal energy of the sun can be used for electricity generation. Solar thermal energy can be applied with fossil fuels or independently in order to reduce the cost of generated electricity and CO2 emission. Several cycles are introduced to extract solar thermal energy to be used in power plants. Brayton cycles, Rankine‐Brayton cycles, and supercritical Brayton cycles are among the most conventional ones. Based on the reviewed researches, using solar energy in addition to fossil fuels results in lower carbon dioxide emission and lower levelized cost of the generated electricity. Moreover, thermodynamic and economic analyses of the cycles revealed that heat recovery leads to higher efficiency while increase capital cost. The efficiency of solar‐assisted gas turbines depend on various parameters including pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature, heat absorber geometry and the performance of the components. The enhancement in the efficiency of the cycles by applying each method depends on the configuration, operating condition. For instance, results have shown that 10% increase in turbine efficiency can led to 6%‐12% improvement in the efficiency of a closed‐Brayton cycle.

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Parametric analysis of a high temperature packed bed thermal storage design for a solar gas turbine

Cited by 53 publications

References 31 publications

Heat Storage Options for Sodium, Salt and Helium Cooled Reactors to Enable Variable Electricity to the Grid and Heat to Industry with Base-Load Reactor Operations

Heat Storage Options for Sodium, Salt and Helium Cooled Reactors to Enable Variable Electricity to the Grid and Heat to Industry with Base-Load Reactor Operations

Assessment of thermal energy storage options in a sodium-based CSP plant

A review on solar‐assisted gas turbines

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