Parametric Optimization of Combined Wind-Solar Energy Power Plants for Sustainable Smart City Development

Abstract

To minimize the existing risks associated with the energy production, distribution, and development of urban areas, the concept of sustainable development of smart manufacturing is being introduced everywhere. However, most of existing digital transformation technologies do not sufficiently take into account environmental, economic, and social components. It requires the development of specialized solutions that, on the one hand, contribute to the development of the urban environment, and on the other, are focused on the use of innovative technologies that have a positive effect on the environment. However, in order to provide electric power to objects of a smart urban environment, we propose using autonomous power plants with renewable energy sources (wind and sun) instead of classical central power supply. The article describes the benefits of using combined wind-solar power plants to provide electricity to smart urban environments. The article considers advantages and disadvantages of this solution. We describe the design of the combined wind-solar installation with a vertical Darier rotor and photoelectric converters located on a common supporting structure. This solution allows getting a positive synergistic effect from the use of several renewable energy sources. The presented main advantages of this solution include increasing the energy efficiency of photovoltaic converters due to the intensification of heat removal from the surface of solar cells by the wind flow from the Darier rotor. In addition, this article considers the efficient use of the area and stability of electricity output. Digital aerodynamic modeling performed the parametric optimization of the Darier rotor having three blades with NACA 0021profile. The simulation demonstrated that the blades installed at an angle of 3.8° provide the maximum value of the wind utilization coefficient. This article also considers parametric optimization of a photovoltaic installation. In particular, the optimal installation angle of photovoltaic modules for Sevastopol is 34°.

Understanding Sustainable Energy in the Context of Smart Cities: A PRISMA Review

“…The world energy matrix is composed of different resources to produce electric energy, using the most viable resource for each region and the combination of these resources [18,67,68], as illustrated in Figure 7. Despite a growth in the use of renewable resources such as photovoltaic and wind energy, the electricity generated from fossil fuels is still the majority in the world.…”

“…In this category, most studies refer to hybrid systems, which use two or more sources for energy production. This predominance occurs due to the natural variation of renewable resources, such as fluctuations in solar irradiance and wind speeds [18,67,68]. With the increased installation of photovoltaic panels at homes and buildings, locally generated renewable electricity has been increased for local use, making it possible to adopt a renewable source of energy without depending solely on utility and network companies responsible for the supply of electricity [69].…”

Analysis and Research on Power Supply Strategies of Electric Vehicles Based on Wind Farms

“…A comprehensive analysis will find that wind energy has huge social value [19], economic value [20], environmental protection value [21], and good development prospects [22], which promotes its rapid development on a global scale. In the power energy structure, the share and scale of wind power generation continue to grow, and it has gradually become the fastest-growing type of renewable energy utilization.…”