Parametric study of modified dipole nano‐antennas printed on thick substrates for infrared energy harvesting

Abstract

Three efficient infrared-printed dipole nano-antennas are designed on a dielectric substrate for infrared energy harvesting. The three printed dipoles have different shapes, namely, rectangular, curved bowtie, and elliptical. These antennas are designed in to collect maximum electric field in the gap between the two poles in the frequency band of 28to 29THz, which is chosen because the received infrared power is maximum at 28.3 THz. A parametric study of the three proposed dipole shapes is performed to increase the localized electric field as well as modify to achieve resonance frequency at 28.3 THz. A parametric study is carried out to determine the dipole length, width, gap size, substrate thickness, and ground plane thickness. Next, the three dipoles are exposed to different polarizations incident plane waves in order to study the effect of the polarization of the incident wave on the electric field induced in the gap and to compare the performances of the three designs. The comparison study shows that at 28.3 THz, the curved bowtie dipole shape collects a larger electric field than the rectangular and elliptical shapesdo. K E Y W O R D Scurvature bowtie, electric field, elliptical dipole nano-antenna, infrared (IR), plane wave, rectangular dipole nano-antenna

Numerical Analysis of MIM-Based Log-Spiral Rectennas for Efficient Infrared Energy Harvesting

“…The rectenna consists of two main components: an efficient resonant optical antenna at 28.3 THz to capture the maximum IR radiation from the sun, and a tunneling rectifying diode that converts the received IR energy into direct current (DC). Designing an efficient optimized antenna is vital for the maximum enhancement of the incident solar IR energy [1,3,17,18]. A wide range of nano-antenna structures such as dipole [1,18], bowtie [1,2,4,7,18], slit [6], dimer [19], splitting with two-wire [3], and square patch [17] have been reported for the enhancement of the incident electric field intensity.…”

“…Continuing global industrial revolution and increases in the population have led to a rapid increase in the world’s energy requirements [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The capacity of conventional energy generation sources is decreasing due to the ongoing decline in fossil fuel reserves [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

“…The capacity of conventional energy generation sources is decreasing due to the ongoing decline in fossil fuel reserves [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Renewable energy sources are emerging as a prominent alternative option to produce cheap and clean energy to fulfill our persistent, long-term global energy demands [ 1 , 4 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Vivaldi dipolenano‐rectennaforIRenergy harvesting at 28.3THz

“…The IR spectrum is divided into three parts: near IR, medium IR, and far IR. The wavelength interval of 1.5–20 m corresponds to the mid‐IR is the most important range because its radiation reaches the earth's surface and re‐emitted as IR radiation in the wavelength ranging from 8 to 14 μm with a peak wavelength of around 10 μm (28.3 THz) 9‐11 …”

“…The wavelength interval of 1.5-20 m corresponds to the mid-IR is the most important range because its radiation reaches the earth's surface and re-emitted as IR radiation in the wavelength ranging from 8 to 14 μm with a peak wavelength of around 10 μm (28.3 THz). [9][10][11] The IR energy harvesting at optical frequency has become an exciting topic of research. Using appropriately designed antennas, collected waves are sent to a rectifier, often a semiconductor diode that converts alternating signals into an electric current.…”