Paramyxoviruses

Kirkland, Peter D.; Stephano, Alberto; Weingartl, Hana M.

doi:10.1002/9781119350927.ch37

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The application of NGS and the development of accurate analysis systems allow for the identification of novel paramyxoviruses, providing an extended evaluation of the diversity of these viruses. Indeed, in addition to various paramyxoviruses discovered in pigs [46], a new paramyxovirus, PRV-1, which was detected in dead pigs for the first time in Hong Kong in 2013 and successively reported in other countries, expanded the Respirovirus genus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Molecular Characterisation of Respirovirus 3 in Wild Boar

Sozzi

Lelli

Barbieri

et al. 2023

Animals

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Paramyxoviruses are important pathogens affecting various animals, including humans. In this study, we identified a paramyxovirus in 2004 (180608_2004), isolated from a sample of the femoral marrow bone of a wild boar carcass imported from Australia. Antigenic and morphological characteristics indicated that this virus was similar to members of the family Paramyxoviridae. The complete genome phylogenetic analysis grouped this virus into genotype A of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3), recently renamed bovine respirovirus type 3 (BRV3), which also includes two swine paramyxoviruses (SPMV)—Texas-81 and ISU-92—isolated from encephalitic pigs in the United States in 1982 and 1992, respectively. The wild boar 180608_2004 strain was more closely related to both the BRV3 shipping fever (SF) strain and the SPMV Texas-81 strain at the nucleotide and amino acid levels than the SPMV ISU-92 strain. The high sequence identity to BRV3 suggested that this virus can be transferred from cattle to wild boars. The potential for cross-species transmission in the Respirovirus genus makes it essential for intensified genomic surveillance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Molecular Characterisation of Respirovirus 3 in Wild Boar

Sozzi

Lelli

Barbieri

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…Porcine parainfluenza virus-1 (PPIV-1) is a newly characterized respiratory virus in the family Paramyxoviridae , genus Respirovirus . Previously identified paramyxoviruses that cause clinical disease in swine include blue eye paramyxovirus (La Piedad-Michoacan virus), Menangle virus, and Nipah virus [ 1 ]. However, none of these three paramyxoviruses have been detected in United States (U.S.) commercial swine [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously identified paramyxoviruses that cause clinical disease in swine include blue eye paramyxovirus (La Piedad-Michoacan virus), Menangle virus, and Nipah virus [ 1 ]. However, none of these three paramyxoviruses have been detected in United States (U.S.) commercial swine [ 1 ]. PPIV-1 was originally discovered from slaughter swine in Hong Kong by L-gene specific reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-rtPCR) and complete genome sequencing [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of porcine parainfluenza virus type-1 antibody in swine serum using whole-virus ELISA, indirect fluorescence antibody and virus neutralizing assays

et al. 2022

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Background Porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV-1) is a respiratory virus in the family Paramyxoviridae and genus Respirovirus. It is closely related to bovine parainfluenza virus 3, human parainfluenza virus 1, and Sendai virus. Recent reports suggest PPIV-1 is widespread in swine herds in the United States and abroad. However, seroprevalence studies and the ability to evaluate cross neutralization between heterologous strains is not possible without validated antibody assays. This study describes the development of an indirect fluorescence antibody (IFA) assay, a whole virus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (wv-ELISA) and a serum virus neutralization (SVN) assay for the detection of PPIV-1 antibodies using 521 serum samples collected from three longitudinal studies and two different challenge strains in swine. Results The area under the curve (AUC) of the wv-ELISA (95% CI, 0.93–0.98) was significantly higher (p = 0.03) compared to the IFA (95% CI, 0.90–0.96). However, no significant difference was observed between the IFA and wv-ELISA when compared to the SVN (95% CI, 0.92–0.97). All three assays demonstrated relatively uniform results at a 99% true negative rate, with only 11 disagreements observed between the IFA, wv-ELISA and SVN. Conclusions All three serology assays detected PPIV-1 antibody in swine serum of known status that was collected from experimental studies. The SVN detected seroconversion earlier compared to the IFA and the wv-ELISA. Both the wv-ELISA and the SVN had similar diagnostic performance, while the IFA was not as sensitive as the wv-ELISA. All three assays are considered valid for routine diagnostic use. These assays will be important for future studies to screen seronegative swine for research, determine PPIV-1 seroprevalence, and to evaluate vaccine efficacy against PPIV-1 under experimental and field conditions.

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“…PRV is the causative agent of “Blue Eye Disease” (BED), a disease first reported in the early 1980s in central Mexico around the town La Piedad in the State of Michoacán, affecting piglets associated with disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) and corneal opacity with morbidity of about 20% and mortality up to 50% [ 27 , 36 , 37 ]. Since the report of the initial outbreaks, the economic impact after PRV infection is related to low fertility, increased percentage of stillbirth pigs (up to 19%) and mummies (up to 36%), and decreased number of total piglets born [ 15 , 20 ]. Currently, PRV infection is endemic in the central and western-central parts of Mexico, whereas the disease remains unreported in other countries [ 15 , 20 , 37 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the report of the initial outbreaks, the economic impact after PRV infection is related to low fertility, increased percentage of stillbirth pigs (up to 19%) and mummies (up to 36%), and decreased number of total piglets born [ 15 , 20 ]. Currently, PRV infection is endemic in the central and western-central parts of Mexico, whereas the disease remains unreported in other countries [ 15 , 20 , 37 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity of a recombinant hemagglutinin neuraminidase-Porcine rubulavirus produced by Escherichia coli of Porcine rubulavirus gives protective immunity of litter after challenge

Cuevas-Romero

Cerriteño-Sánchez

Lara-Romero

et al. 2022

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Porcine rubulavirus (PRV) is a contagious virus that affects the Mexican swine industry. This work aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity of an rHN-PorPV candidate vaccine on pregnant sows, and the protective efficacy afforded to their 7-day-old suckling piglets against PRV lethal challenge. Three sows were immunized with rHN-PorPV formulated with immunestimulating complex (ISCOMs) and two sows with rHN-PorPV protein alone as well as a mock-immunized pregnant sow (negative control). Quantitative ELISA detected a high concentration of anti-rHN-PorPV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in sow sera after the second dose of vaccine administered on day 14 until farrowing, showing viral-neutralizing and cross-neutralization activity against different variants of PRV. Sera samples from piglets of immunized sows (with or without adjuvant), showed high concentrations of IgG antibodies.As expected, piglets from the negative control sow (n=5), exhibited severe signs of disease and 100% of mortality after PRV challenge study. Conversely, 75% and 87.5% of the piglets born from the rHN-PorPV and the rHN-PorPV-ISCOMs-immunized sows (n=8), survived, respectively, showing milder PRV clinical signs. Our data indicate that rHN-PorPV candidate vaccine produced in E. coli induces efficient humoral response in pregnant sows and that the maternally derived immunity provides high protection to suckling piglets against PRV lethal challenge.

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Paramyxoviruses

Cited by 4 publications

References 54 publications

Isolation and Molecular Characterisation of Respirovirus 3 in Wild Boar

Isolation and Molecular Characterisation of Respirovirus 3 in Wild Boar

Detection of porcine parainfluenza virus type-1 antibody in swine serum using whole-virus ELISA, indirect fluorescence antibody and virus neutralizing assays

Immunogenicity of a recombinant hemagglutinin neuraminidase-<i>Porcine rubulavirus</i> produced by <i>Escherichia coli</i> of <i>Porcine rubulavirus</i> gives protective immunity of litter after challenge

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