Paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma incidence and survival based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data, 1973 to 2009

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinomas (PNSSCC) account for 3% of all head and neck malignancies. There has been little information on the trends in incidence and survival, and no randomized trials have been conducted to guide therapy. METHODS: Patients with PNSSCC reported to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program from 1973 through 2009 were categorized by sex, age, year of diagnosis, primary site, stage, and treatment. The incidence and survival were then compared across different demographic and disease-related categories by calculating rate ratios (RRs) and mortality hazard ratios along with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: In total, 2553 patients with PNSSCC were identified. While incidence of PNSSCC showed a gradual decline, survival remained largely unchanged.

Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review with Emphasis on Emerging Histologic Subtypes and the Role of Human Papillomavirus

“…Tumor stage is not defined by size, but rather by number and types of local structures involved for early tumors and, for late ones, by invasion of adjacent structures including orbital soft tissue, skull base, brain, and/or facial/nasal skin, all of which constitute classification of tumors as T4. Nodal metastases are relatively uncommon (*10 to 20 %) at presentation [1], and in follow up, *10 % develop distant metastases, almost always in the presence of locoregional recurrence.…”

“…The sinonasal tract (specifically the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses), compared to other sites, has the lowest fraction of SCC relative to other carcinoma types (*65 to 70 %). Since the sinonasal tract is the primary site for only *3 to 5 % of all head and neck cancers [1], and since most of these tumors appear to be decreasing in incidence over time [2], this means that pathologists do not see very many of them in routine practice. It has also made it challenging to gather sufficient numbers of patients with these tumors for studies to define their morphology, molecular aspects, and proper treatment.…”

Locally advanced paranasal sinus carcinoma: A study of 30 patients

“…SNc is a rare disease that accounts for 3% of all head and neck carcinomas (28). As SNcs exhibit particular behaviours, such as chemo-and radioresistance, diagnosis at an advanced stage and lack of association with common risk factors including alcohol and tobacco, they should be considered as separate entities and therefore should not be included in the miscellany of head and neck carcinomas (29).…”

Recurrent maxillary sinus cancer with only adrenal metastasis

“…Maxillary sinus cancer is rare and often presents as a locally advanced disease (1). Recurrence commonly occurs locoregionally, although a minority of patients may experience distant metastasis, and the most commonly involved sites are the lungs and bone (2,3).…”

“…Paranasal sinus cancer is a rare type of tumor, representing ~3% of head and neck malignancies (1). The most common site of these tumors is the maxillary sinus (5).…”