Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis presenting as lingual epilepsia partialis continua

Kinirons, Peter; O'Dwyer, John; Connolly, Seán; Hutchinson, Michael

doi:10.1007/s00415-005-0942-5

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…MRI findings in cases of epilepsia partialis continua show multifocal T 2 hyperintensity and enlargement of non-limbic cortical areas, [89][90][91] though focal limbic involvement has also been seen. 92 Focal inflammation may recur and/or the disease may progress to more diffuse parenchymal involvement over the following months to years. 90,91 On PET-CT, acutely inflamed brain parenchyma will typically be hypermetabolic.…”

Section: Antibodies Targeting Intracellular Neuronal Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune epilepsy: findings on MRI and FDG-PET

Guerin

Watson

Carr

et al. 2018

The British Journal of Radiology

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Although autoimmune epilepsy (AE) is a relatively new concept in the radiology literature, evidence for immunological mechanisms in epilepsy has increased in the last several years. 1-9 AE was originally described in the context of more generalized autoimmune encephalopathy, predominately as a paraneoplastic phenomenon targeting the limbic system. Certain tumors expressing neuronal proteins were found to provoke a cell-mediated neurological disorder as a byproduct of an attack on cancer cells. The classically described paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (LE) reflects involvement of limbic structures including the anteromedial temporal lobe, hippocampus and amygdala and is clinically characterized by the subacute onset of temporal lobe seizures, anterograde memory impairment and psychiatric symptoms. Similar to other paraneoplastic syndromes, neurologic symptoms can present well before a cancer is detectable. Antibodies traditionally considered paraneoplastic include anti-Hu (ANNA-1) and anti CRMP-5 antibodies, usually found in conjunction with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), and anti-N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptor antibodies which are often associated with ovarian teratoma.

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Section: Antibodies Targeting Intracellular Neuronal Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune epilepsy: findings on MRI and FDG-PET

Guerin

Watson

Carr

et al. 2018

The British Journal of Radiology

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“…The reported causes of EPC are extremely diverse, and include metabolic disorders (nonketotic hyperglycemia or mitochondrial encephalopathy), cerebrovascular disorders, inflammation (especially Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy from HIV infection, multiple sclerosis, neurocysticercosis and others), neoplasms (astrocytoma, hemangioma, lymphoma and metastasis), and cortical dysplasia (focal cortical dysplasia and hemimegalencephaly) (Oguni et al., 1991; Veggiotti et al., 1995; Lee et al., 2000; Placidi et al., 2001; Pandian et al., 2002; Huang et al., 2005; Wieser & Chauvel, 2005; Aydin‐Ozdemir et al., 2006; Kinirons et al., 2006; Sinha & Satischandra, 2007; Bien & Elger, 2008; Yeh & Wu, 2008; Mameniskiene et al, 2011). The most common etiologies are cerebrovascular disorders (24–28%), inflammatory causes (15–19%), neoplasms (5–16%), and metabolic disorders (6–14%).…”

Section: Causes Of Epilepsia Partialis Continuamentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of status epilepticus

2012

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SUMMARYStatus epilepticus (SE) is the most extreme form of epilepsy. It describes a prolonged seizure that may occur in patients with previous epilepsy or in acute disorders of the central nervous system. It is one of the most common neurologic emergencies, with an incidence of up to 41 per 100,000 per year and an estimated mortality is 20%. The three major determinants of prognosis are the duration of SE, patient age, and the underlying cause. Common and easily recognized causes of SE include cerebrovascular disorders, brain trauma, infections, and low antiepileptic drug levels in patients with epilepsy. Less common causes present a clinical and diagnostic challenge, but are major determinants of prognosis. Among them, inflammatory causes and inborn errors of metabolism have gained wide interest; recent insights into these causes have contributed to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of SE and its appropriate treatment. This review focuses on the different etiologies of SE and emphasizes the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of the underlying causes.

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“…Paraneoplastic en ceph a litis has a wide range of clin i cal man i fes ta tions in clud ing epi lep tic sei zures; how ever, oc cur rence of sei zures is quite rare while other symp toms are more com mon. Limbic enceph a li tis is one of the clas si cal paraneoplastic neu ro log ical syn dromes, in most cases caused by anti-Hu or CV-2/CRMP-5 an ti bod ies and is of ten as so ci ated with SCLC, how ever, it pres ents with not only ep i lep tic seizures but, es pe cially limbic sys tem dam age symp toms, with be hav iour and mood changes, short-term mem ory impair ment, and ad di tional fea tures that vary ac cord ing to the im mune re sponse [18,19]. Other PNS usu ally do not present with sei zures as it is not a typ i cal clin i cal sign.…”

Section: Discussion and Lit Er A Ture Re Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-amphiphysin antibody-induced paraneoplastic-autoimmune encephalitis: case report and literature review

Kavaliauskaitė¹,

Mameniškienė²

2021

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Antikūnų prieš amfifiziną sukeltas encefalitas – imuninės kilmės galvos smegenų uždegimas, kurio metu susidarę onkoneuroniniai antikūnai prieš vėžinių ląstelių antigenus kryžmiškai pažeidžia nervinį audinį. Amfifizino antikūnai siejami su įvairiais paraneoplastiniais neurologiniais sindromais ir navikais. Dėl simptomų įvairovės ir tikslių diagnostinių kriterijų trūkumo, šios ligos diagnostika dažnai būna apsunkinta, todėl specifinių antikūnų nustatymas paciento serume ir cerebrospinaliniame skystyje išlieka pagrindine diagnostikos priemone. Iki šiol nėra aprašyta klinikinių atvejų, kur epilepsijos priepuoliai būtų minimi kaip viena iš encefalito, sukelto antikūnų prieš amfifiziną, klinikinių išraiškų. Straipsnyje pateikiame retą klinikinį antikūnų prieš amfifiziną sukelto atipinio paraneoplastinio-autoimuninio encefalito atvejį, kuris pasireiškė epilepsijos priepuoliais, parestezijomis bei regos ir suvokimo sutrikimais.

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Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis presenting as lingual epilepsia partialis continua

Cited by 24 publications

References 5 publications

Autoimmune epilepsy: findings on MRI and FDG-PET

Autoimmune epilepsy: findings on MRI and FDG-PET

Causes of status epilepticus

Anti-amphiphysin antibody-induced paraneoplastic-autoimmune encephalitis: case report and literature review

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