Parasites (filaria &amp; strongyloides) in malignant pleural effussion

Patil, Prashant L; Salkar, Harsha R.; Ghodeswar, Shekhar S; Gawande, Jayant P.

doi:10.4103/0019-5359.17053

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In the “other drugs” group we found mebendazole [9,17,44,48,131,137,181,218], cambendazole [35,36], levamisole [43,199], pyrantel pamoate [75,108], diethylcarbamazine [14]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports

et al. 2013

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BackgroundStrongyloidiasis is commonly a clinically unapparent, chronic infection, but immuno suppressed subjects can develop fatal disease. We carried out a review of literature on hyperinfection syndrome (HS) and disseminated strongyloidiasis (DS), in order to describe the most challenging aspects of severe strongyloidiasis.MethodsWe conducted a structured search using PubMed to collect case reports and short case series on HS/DS published from 1991 to 2011. We restricted search to papers in English, Spanish, Italian and French. Case reports were classified as HS/DS according to given definitions.ResultsRecords screened were 821, and 311 were excluded through titles and abstract evaluation. Of 510 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, 213 were included in qualitative analysis. As some of them were short case series, eventually the number of cases analyzed was 244.Steroids represented the main trigger predisposing to HS and DS (67% cases): they were mostly administered to treat underlying conditions (e.g. lymphomas, rheumatic diseases). However, sometimes steroids were empirically prescribed to treat signs and symptoms caused by unsuspected/unrecognized strongyloidiasis. Diagnosis was obtained by microscopy examination in 100% cases, while serology was done in a few cases (6.5%). Only in 3/29 cases of solid organ/bone marrow transplantation there is mention of pre-transplant serological screening. Therapeutic regimens were different in terms of drugs selection and combination, administration route and duration. Similar fatality rate was observed between patients with DS (68.5%) and HS (60%).ConclusionsProper screening (which must include serology) is mandatory in high - risk patients, for instance candidates to immunosuppressive medications, currently or previously living in endemic countries. In some cases, presumptive treatment might be justified. Ivermectin is the gold standard for treatment, although the optimal dosage is not clearly defined in case of HS/DS.

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“…In the “other drugs” group we found mebendazole [9,17,44,48,131,137,181,218], cambendazole [35,36], levamisole [43,199], pyrantel pamoate [75,108], diethylcarbamazine [14]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports

et al. 2013

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“…In India scrotal region is reported as a common site of The patient presented with massive haemorrhagic nonchylous pleural effusion primarily suggesting tuberculosis, as this the most common cause of pleural effusion in India. 11,12 There was no co existing malignancy, which is the most common cause of haemorrhagic pleural effusion. 11,12 The subsequent extensive search for microfilaria in blood did not yield any result.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 There was no co existing malignancy, which is the most common cause of haemorrhagic pleural effusion. 11,12 The subsequent extensive search for microfilaria in blood did not yield any result. Other workers have also reported microfilaria detection from these sites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytodiagnosis of Filariasis – A Retrospective Study of 8 Years

Mondal¹,

Ghosh²

2019

IJCMR

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Introduction: In India Filariasis is considered to be a major public health problem. India constitutes about 20% of total global burden. Microfilaria are released and circulate in the peripheral blood with nocturnal periodicity. Due to its extremely rarity it is difficult to detect them in routine peripheral blood smears, Fine Needle Aspiration (FNAC) Smears and body fluids. The objective of our study was to emphasise on having a high index of suspicion of filarial infection in any swelling especially in patients from endemic zones. This study also aims to highlight the importance of FNAC as a cheap and effective tool to diagnose microfilaria. Material and Methods: A total of 9590 cases, with lesions in different sites were encountered in this study.The patients underwent thorough clinical examination and routine investigations.The cystic lesions that were included in this study were aspirated. The material centrifuged and smears prepared were stained with Leishman-Giemsa and PAP stain. Results: In this study out of a total of 9590 cases of superficial swellings that were subjected to fine needle aspiration cytology, 11 cases of filariasis were diagnosed on routine FNAC material from various sites. Out of these11 cases, maximum cases of filariasis were reported in lymph nodes (3 cases),breast swelling (2 cases), followed by scrotal swellings (2 cases), thyroid swellings (2 cases), parotid (1 case) and Pleural (1 case). Conclusions: Filariasis is an uncommon condition and need a high index of suspicion and careful screen of FNA smears especially in asymptomatic patients belonging to endemic zones, so as not to miss this incidental finding especially in patients from endemic areas. This study also highlights the importance of FNAC as a cheap and effective tool to diagnose microfilaria.

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“…Rather the patient presented with moderate, nonchylous pleural effusion primarily suggestive of tuberculosis which is the most common cause of pleural effusion in India. 7,8 The presence of microfilariae in pleural fluid was an incidental finding. The diagnosis of bancroftian spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfilarae in malignant mesothelioma associated pleural effusion with blood microfilaremia: a rare association

Sharma¹,

Sharma

2019

Int J Adv Med

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Filariasis has a wide spectrum of presentation and usually involves the lung in the form of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia with pulmonary infiltrates and peripheral eosinophilia. Filariasis presenting with pleural effusion is an unusual presentation. Malignancy in association with filarial pleural effusion is extremely rare. In this context, we hereby report a case of 45 year old male who presented with right sided chest pain, cough, fever and generalized weakness. Pleural fluid cytology revealed microfilaria and pleural biopsies from pleural nodules confirmed malignant mesothelioma. Peripheral blood smears taken at night exhibited microfilaria with normal eosinophil counts, which is further uncommon. Role of filariasis in tumorigenesis is controversial.

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Parasites (filaria & strongyloides) in malignant pleural effussion

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports

Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports

Cytodiagnosis of Filariasis – A Retrospective Study of 8 Years

Microfilarae in malignant mesothelioma associated pleural effusion with blood microfilaremia: a rare association

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