Parasites in Mexican patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a case-control study

Ramirez-Miranda, Maria Elena; Hernández-Castellanos, R; López-Escamilla, Eduardo; Moncada, David Issai Saldaña; Rodriguez-Magallan, Alfredo; Pagaza-Melero, Carlos; González-Angulo, A; Flisser, Ana; Kawa-Karasik, Simón; Maravilla, Pablo

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-3-96

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Our results are in contrast with a study from the west of Iran (23) and other studies from Turkey, India, France, and Mexico which showed a higher prevalence of Blastocystis infection in IBS population compared to the control group (2,6,24,25), but similar to those reported studies from Thailand and Denmark (26,27). A notable feature of the current study is that the control group was selected from healthy people without GI symptoms, which it can be extended to the whole community in Ahvaz.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Comparative Prevalence of Blastocystis in Patients with the Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Healthy Individuals: A Case Control Study

Beiromvand

Hashemi

Arjmand

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Blastocystis is one of the most common anaerobic protozoa found in the intestinal tract of humans and various animals, with a worldwide distribution. The parasite has been linked to the pathogenesis of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), previously. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Blastocystis in IBS patients compared to healthy individuals. Methods: The collected feces from 152 patients with Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and 130 healthy volunteers from Ahvaz, southwest Iran, were examined using the direct saline smear, Lugol's iodine staining, and inoculated in a Jones' medium for Blastocystis detection. The DNA was extracted from all culture-positive samples, and then the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed by the SSU-rDNA gene. Results: Blastocystis was identified in 18 (6.4%) samples, including two (1.3%) of the IBS patients and 16 (12.3%) of the control group by microscopy. Stool culture was positive in 15 with IBS, one without IBS, and 40 control samples. From these, the expected 600 bp fragments of the SSU-rDNA gene were identified in 15 (27.3%) cases and 40 (72.7%) controls. Subtypes (STs) 1, 2, and 3 were identified from the 54 successfully sequenced samples. Subtype 3 was the most common ST with the frequency of 46.3%, followed by ST2, 37% and ST1, 16.7% in the case and control groups. The highest frequency of Blastocystis STs (27.8%) was identified in the age group of 31-40 years and the lowest was found in the age groups of under 10 years and over 81 years. Conclusions:The findings of the current study showed that Blastocystis was more common in the control group compared to the IBS patients. Therefore, our findings highlight the contrast between Blastocystis infection and GI disorders. Furthermore, these results support the hypothesis that Blastocystis could be a GI health marker.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Comparative Prevalence of Blastocystis in Patients with the Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Healthy Individuals: A Case Control Study

Beiromvand

Hashemi

Arjmand

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…In a previous study performed by coproparasitological studies, Blastocystis, Endolimax nana and E. histolytica/E. dispar were found in 16%, 9% and 3% of the IBS cases, respectively (Ramirez-Miranda et al 2010), indicating that Blastocystis is the parasite found with higher prevalence. Regarding the importance of identifying Blastocystis, Spiegel and colleagues (2010) discuss the lack of need for ova and parasite examinations in patients with symptoms of diarrhoea-predominant IBS, because of low prevalence and/or low technical sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Blastocystis infection is associated with irritable bowel syndrome in a Mexican patient population

et al. 2011

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In recent times, some common "non-pathogenic" parasites, such as Blastocystis and Dientamoeba fragilis, have been associated to the aetiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), while host pro-inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms might have a role in the pathophysiology of the disease. Therefore, Blastocystis subtypes (ST), D. fragilis and gene promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in IBS patients and controls were studied. After giving written consent, 45 patients with symptoms of IBS according to the Rome III criteria and 45 controls were enrolled. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood for SNP analysis at position -174 for IL-6 as well as -238 and -308 for TNF-α. Blastocystis was more common in the IBS group (p = 0.043). Interestingly, D. fragilis was found more frequently in the control group (p = 0.002); Blastocystis ST1 and 3 were most frequent in both groups. Haploview analysis revealed linkage disequilibrium in TNF-α (p < 0.0001); however, none of the SNPs for IL-6 and TNF-α were found to be significantly related with IBS. The clinical and molecular approaches undertaken for the first time in Latin American IBS patients demonstrated an association with Blastocystis that supports a pathogenic role of this parasite in IBS Furthermore, co-infections with ST1 and ST3 were frequent; thus, the genetic diversity proposed within ST polymorphisms does not rule out that particular strains might be associated with disease. In addition, our results do not support a major contribution of IL-6 and TNF-α gene polymorphisms in the susceptibility to IBS.

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“…However, other studies have failed to establish an association between Blastocystis spp. and IBS (334,414,440). It has been suggested that since IBS is a functional disorder that can be caused by various microbiological, genetic, and environmental factors, these factors could also explain the discrepancy in the literature (321).…”

Section: Blastocystis Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY Several enteric protozoa cause severe morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals worldwide. In developed settings, enteric protozoa are often ignored as a cause of diarrheal illness due to better hygiene conditions, and as such, very little effort is used toward laboratory diagnosis. Although these protozoa contribute to the high burden of infectious diseases, estimates of their true prevalence are sometimes affected by the lack of sensitive diagnostic techniques to detect them in clinical and environmental specimens. Despite recent advances in the epidemiology, molecular biology, and treatment of protozoan illnesses, gaps in knowledge still exist, requiring further research. There is evidence that climate-related changes will contribute to their burden due to displacement of ecosystems and human and animal populations, increases in atmospheric temperature, flooding and other environmental conditions suitable for transmission, and the need for the reuse of alternative water sources to meet growing population needs. This review discusses the common enteric protozoa from a public health perspective, highlighting their epidemiology, modes of transmission, prevention, and control. It also discusses the potential impact of climate changes on their epidemiology and the issues surrounding waterborne transmission and suggests a multidisciplinary approach to their prevention and control.

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Parasites in Mexican patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a case-control study

Cited by 36 publications

References 14 publications

Comparative Prevalence of Blastocystis in Patients with the Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Healthy Individuals: A Case Control Study

Comparative Prevalence of Blastocystis in Patients with the Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Healthy Individuals: A Case Control Study

Blastocystis infection is associated with irritable bowel syndrome in a Mexican patient population

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

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