Parasitism and Nutrition of Gonatobotrys simplex

Whaley, Julian W.; Barnett, H. L.

doi:10.2307/3756290

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some sly ones find it sufficient to live intimately, side by side with a provident neighbor. Gonatobotrys, the simplex, and Calcarisporum, the parasiticum, being perhaps addled by ultraviolet, are known to be dependent on a growth factor which is made and also required for the growth of many fungi (92). The elixir to which they are addicted is not known, but it is true that they must have it, even if the amount be only one needle amidst a million haystalks.…”

Section: Summary and Appraisalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-dependent microbes.

Hanks¹

1966

Bacteriological Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Summary and Appraisalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-dependent microbes.

Hanks¹

1966

Bacteriological Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, F. proliferatum and F. sporotrichioides do not appear to be hosts. A few biotrophic, mycoparasitic fungi ( Gonatobotrys , Dicyma , Stephanoma , Melanospora and Piptocephalis ) acquire certain nutrients (mycotrophein, biotin or aneurin) from their hosts for growth and generation of sexual reproductive organs (Hawker, 1938; Jeffries & Young, 1994; Rakvidhyasastra & Butler, 1973; Whaley & Barnett, 1963). During interactions with F. graminearum 3‐ADON (but not with 15‐ADON) and by an as yet unknown mechanism, S. mycoparasitica removed the pathogen red‐colored compounds, possibly aurofusarin (Kim et al ., 2005), and subsequently released crystal‐like red‐colored substances (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphaerodes mycoparasitica biotrophic mycoparasite of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol- and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol-producing toxigenic Fusarium graminearum chemotypes

Vujanovic

Goh

2011

FEMS Microbiology Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fusarium spp. are economically important crop pathogens and causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of cereals worldwide. Of the FHB pathogens, Fusarium graminearum 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) are the most aggressive mycotoxigenic chemotypes, threatening food and feed quality as well as animal and human health. The objective of the study was to evaluate host specificity and fungal-fungal interactions of Sphaerodes mycoparasitica- a recently described mycoparasite - with F. graminearum 3- and 15-ADON strains by employing in vitro, microscopic and PCR techniques. Results obtained in this study show that the germination of mycoparasite ascospore in the presence of F. graminearum 3- and 15-ADON filtrates was greatly improved compared with Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium sporotrichioides filtrates, suggesting a compatible interaction. Using quantitative real-time PCR with Fusarium-specific (Fg16N) and trichothecene Tri5 (Tox5-1/2)-specific primer sets, S. mycoparasitica was found to reduce the amount of F. graminearum 3-ADON and 15-ADON DNAs under separate coinoculation assays. Sphaerodes mycoparasitica was not only able to germinate in the presence of F. graminearum filtrates, but also established biotrophic mycoparasitic relations with two F. graminearum chemotypes and suppressed Fusarium growth.

show abstract

“…In biotrophic contact parasites, the most frequent growth factor called ‘mycotrophein’ is present in hot water extracts of their hosts, in particular that of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler (Whaley & Barnett, 1963; Kuykendall et al , 1983; Li & Shen, 1996), but this growth factor was also found in many hyphomycetous, ascomycetous, and basidiomycetous species that were nonhost. In dual culture, some of them excreted this growth factor into the medium, which stimulated saprobic growth of contact biotrophs, the latter not forming absorptive hyphae under this condition (Whaley & Barnett, 1963; Rakvidhyasastra & Butler, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keissler (Whaley & Barnett, 1963; Kuykendall et al , 1983; Li & Shen, 1996), but this growth factor was also found in many hyphomycetous, ascomycetous, and basidiomycetous species that were nonhost. In dual culture, some of them excreted this growth factor into the medium, which stimulated saprobic growth of contact biotrophs, the latter not forming absorptive hyphae under this condition (Whaley & Barnett, 1963; Rakvidhyasastra & Butler, 1973). Mycotrophein was not present in fungi included previously in the class Phycomycetes (Barnett, 1963; Rakvidhyasastra & Butler, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycotrophein was not present in fungi included previously in the class Phycomycetes (Barnett, 1963; Rakvidhyasastra & Butler, 1973). These fungal extracts, partially purified, had a thermoresistant active fraction, soluble in water, 95% ethyl alcohol, and acetone, but insoluble in diethyl ether, chloroform, and petroleum ether (Whaley & Barnett, 1963). To date, the growth factor mycotrophein isolated for the first time in 1963 by Whaley & Barnett remains an enigma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tritirachium egenum, a thiamine- and siderophore-auxotrophic fungal species isolated from a Penicillium rugulosum

Beguin

2010

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tritirachium egenum sp. nov., a biotrophic mycosymbiont, was found growing in association with a Penicillium rugulosum. This new species was unable to grow in axenic culture on traditional semi-synthetic culture media unless the growth medium was supplemented with a fraction of the culture filtrate of its host. The hot water extract of Alternaria alternata, containing the 'growth factor' of several contact mycosymbionts (biotrophic contact mycoparasites) also supported the growth of T. egenum. Signs, particularly the functional equivalence of this extract and ferrichrome on the T. egenum growth, suggested that this growth factor, referred to in the literature as mycotrophein, could actually be a hydroxamate-type siderophore. Moreover, it was shown that this siderophore-dependent organism had a deficient metabolism requiring, in addition, an exogenous source of thiamine or a precursor molecule of thiamine. Among mycosymbionts of fungi, the nutrient acquisition strategy of T. egenum is new, because it did not live in close association with the cytoplasm of its host. Indeed, it is neither a haustorial mycosymbiont nor a contact mycosymbiont, the two groups into which the biotrophic mycosymbionts of fungi are classified. Moreover, an interfungal association based on the utilization of siderophores has not yet been reported.

show abstract

Parasitism and Nutrition of Gonatobotrys simplex

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Host-dependent microbes.

Host-dependent microbes.

Sphaerodes mycoparasitica biotrophic mycoparasite of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol- and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol-producing toxigenic Fusarium graminearum chemotypes

Tritirachium egenum, a thiamine- and siderophore-auxotrophic fungal species isolated from a Penicillium rugulosum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About