Parasitism in Goats: Husbandry Management, Range Management, Gut Immunity and Therapeutics

Ayaz, Muhammad; Nazir, Muhammad Mudaseer; NoreenSamad,; Zubair, Muhammad; Hanif, Muhammad; Aziz, Mubashir; Sheikh, Ahsan Sattar; Akbar, Atif; Waheed, Abdül; Zaman, Aqal; Mahmood, Nasir

doi:10.5772/intechopen.74203

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…One of the directions of combating nematodoses is the use of medicinal plants (Ayaz et al, 2018;Oliveira Santos et al, 2019;Swargiary et al, 2020). They are used in both in vitro (De Paula Carlis et al, 2019;Esteban-Ballesteros et al, 2019;Maestrini et al, 2019;Piza et al, 2019;, and in vivo experiments (Sastya et al, 2018;Alowanou et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematicidal activity of aqueous tinctures of plants against larvae of the nematode Strongyloides papillosus

O.O.¹

2021

Trop Biomed

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This research was undertaken to evaluate the nematicidal activity of various concentrations of aqueous tinctures of 80 plant species towards L 1-2 of S. papillosus. For the experiment with larvae of S. papillosus, there were used 0.19%, 0.75% and 3.00% aqueous tinctures of plants. Out of 80 tested species, nematicidal activity against L 1-2 of S. papillosus was displayed by 20 plants. The greatest activity (LC 50 = 0.060-0.069%) towards larvae of S. papillosus was exerted by Teucrium polium, Achillea millefolium, Genista tinctoria and Ulmus laevis. Less expressed nematicidal activity (LC 50 = 0.070-0.079%) was recorded for Thalictrum minus, Stachys recta, Falcaria vulgaris, Lavatera thuringiaca. Even lower effect (LC 50 = 0.080-0.089%) was shown by aqueous tinctures of Mentha × piperita, Achillea millefolium, Salvia nutans, Eryngium campestre and Cerasus fruticosa. The following plants could be arranged in declining order of effectiveness of nematicidal activity (LC 50 = 0.090-0.165%) Malus sylvestris, Tragopogon orientalis, Erigeron annuus, Grindelia squarrosa, Urtica dioica, Daucus carota, Medicago sativa, Carduus acanthoides, Ulmus minor and Hieracium umbellatum. A far weaker effect on the nematodes was displayed by Bromopsis inermis and Tragopogon podolicus. Aqueous tinctures of 60 other studied species of plants exhibited low nematicidal activity in 3.00% aqueous tincture, while in 0.19% and 0.75% aqueous tinctures, no nematicidal activity was seen. The results of the research suggest that in the conditions of natural ecosystems, some species of plants of the Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Rosaceae, Ulmaceae and Urticaceae families could reduce vitality of free-living L 1-2 larvae of S. papillosus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematicidal activity of aqueous tinctures of plants against larvae of the nematode Strongyloides papillosus

O.O.¹

2021

Trop Biomed

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“…Helminthiasis and protozoasis of ruminants can have a fairly significant effect on the violation of the physiological state of animals [6][7][8]15], subsequently this is reflected in a decrease in the level of dairy and meat productivity, the growth rate of young animals and other indicators [6][7][8]. Unfortunately, the prevention of invasive diseases does not receive due attention from managers and veterinarians of farms, despite the wide variety of anthelmintic 7preparations [9-10, 12, 14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of parasite cenosis of endoparasitoses of ruminants

et al. 2021

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The infestation was studied and the structure of the parasite cenosis of ruminants of the Udmurt Republic was characterized. Over the period of several years of research (2016-2020), a diverse parasitophauna was identified. According to the results of the research, it was established that cattle is mainly invaded by Eimeria spp., nematodes of the Strongylata suborder, dicroceliosis dominates from trematode infestations. The maximum infection rate was noted by eimeriosis invasion, during the entire time of the studies it varied from 87.84 % to 77.73 %, which indicates a tendency to increase invasion and stationary problems of farms. The features of competitive relationships are clearly traced in hepatic flukes: dicrocoeliums and fascioles. Dicrocoeliotic invasion prevails on average by 32 %, which indicates a partial manifestation of antagonism.When analyzing the generic structure of the parasite complex of cattle, on average for five years, it was found that the largest share is occupied by Eimeria spp - 44.35, Strongylata - 30.52, Dicrocoelium - 17.52, Fasciola - 6.43, Eurythrema – 0.67 and Trichostrongylus – 0.51 are less represented. A retrospective epizootic analysis of parasitoses showed that sheeps, like cattle, have a diverse parasitophauna, but in the first case, the detection of monoinvasions is 3.5 times higher. In the structure of sheep parasite cenosis, similar indicators of infection with Eimeria spp, Strongyloides, Moniezia were found, generic indices ranged from 24.18 to 27.61. Strongylatosis of the gastrointestinal tract are replaced by Strongyloides. A significant change was also observed in the group of trematode infestations. Unlike cattle, fasciolosis prevails in sheep with a maximum value of 9.5 times in 2019, while dicroceliosis was not registered at all in 2017. In the sheep parasite complex, moniesiosis occupies the main share – 27.61, which may be related to the conditions of keeping, since sheeps are grazing for a long time and a meeting with intermediate hosts - oribatid mites is inevitable.

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“…Goat farming is gaining traction in the commercial and domestic sectors over the last few years due to its popularity. However, as goat meat and milk are generally recognised worldwide, constraints on the growth of goat enterprises have also been observed due to its association with bacterial (Miller and Lu 2019) and parasitic infections (Ayaz et al 2018) that are critical for causing human infections (Monteiro et al 2018) and may pose a threat to public health by spreading zoonotic diseases. A retrospective study on goat from 1988 to 2012 showed that 43.67% of deaths were due to enteritis, followed by gastrointestinal parasitism and gastric diseases (Pawaiya et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages: A Possible Solution to Combat Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ( EPEC) Infections in Neonatal goats

Bhargava

Gururaj

Aseri

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Due to the awareness and benefits of goat rearing in developing economies, goats' significance is increasing. Unfortunately, these ruminants are threatened via multiple bacterial pathogens such as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and its pathotypes. In goat kids and lambs, EPEC causes gastrointestinal disease leading to substantial economic losses for farmers and may also pose a threat to public health via the spread of zoonotic diseases. Management of infection is primarily based on antibiotics, but the need for new therapeutic measures as an alternative to antibiotics is becoming vital because of the advent of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The current study focuses on the prevalence of enteric diseases, their identification through various molecular techniques viz., SYBR green real-time PCR, conventional PCR based on bfpA gene, PCR based on uspA gene and isolation, purification of naturally occurring phages against three EPEC multi-drug resistant strains isolated from the neonatal goat. Bacteriophages are novel components that can be used to tackle bacterial infections and AMR, where host immune responses and antimicrobial agents become incompetent. It was observed that a PCR based approach is more effective and rapid as compared to phenotypic tests. It was also established that the isolated bacteriophages exhibited potent antibacterial efficacy in-vitro. Hence, bacteriophages, being a natural therapeutic biological agent docking bacterial host, may be explored as a potential alternative to antibiotics in managing public, livestock and environmental health in this troubling situation of AMR.

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Parasitism in Goats: Husbandry Management, Range Management, Gut Immunity and Therapeutics

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Nematicidal activity of aqueous tinctures of plants against larvae of the nematode Strongyloides papillosus

Nematicidal activity of aqueous tinctures of plants against larvae of the nematode Strongyloides papillosus

Structure of parasite cenosis of endoparasitoses of ruminants

Bacteriophages: A Possible Solution to Combat Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ( EPEC) Infections in Neonatal goats

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