Paratuberculosis and avian tuberculosis infections in one red deer farm studied by IS900 and IS901 RFLP analysis

Machackova-Kopecna, M.; Bartoš, Milan; Straka, M.; Ludvik, V.; Svastova, Petra; Álvarez, Julio; Lamka, J.; Trcka, I.; Treml, F.; Parmova, I.; Pavlík, I.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.11.008

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, some authors have described Maa-Map co-infection with indistinguishable clinical and pathological lesions (Mackintosh et al 2004, Machackova-Kopecna et al 2005, Glawischnig et al 2006. The present results show a reliable technique that combined with tools such as culture, help to obtain a correct diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Due to the close relation between wild and domestic animals in some areas, it is suggested that other wild and captive animal populations could be infected Infection by Map has also been described in wild and captive deer populations in many countries (de Lisle et al 1993, Power et al 1993, Fawcett et al 1995, Manning et al 1998, Godfroid et al 2000, Paolicchi et al 2001, Machackova-Kopecna et al 2005, van Kooten et al 2006, Mackintosh et al 2007. Since 1980, paratuberculosis has been an emergent problem in deer farming with important underestimated losses, mainly due to outbreaks of the clinical disease (Mackintosh et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In deer, as in cattle, sheep and goats, paratuberculosis produces a long term enteritis that finally leads to loss of body condition and death in severely affected animals (Machackova-Kopecna et al 2005). Paratuberculosis diagnosis in deer is based on Map detection in faeces, postmortem and histopathological examination of tissues (specially the lower part of the jejunum, ileum, ileocecal valve and its associated lymph nodes) (Clarke 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paratuberculosis or avian tuberculosis in red deer with chronic diarrhea?

et al. 2014

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SUMMARYMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis. In Chile, information about Map isolation from both domestic ruminant and wildlife species has been accumulating, but it has extended to other species. In Chile, deer farming activity has been focused in hunting and meat production. No paratuberculosis surveillance has been reported for these source herds. In the present study, chronic diarrhea and poor body condition in some animals belonging to a deer farm was informed. Four adult affected hinds were euthanized under suspicion of paratuberculosis. In all animals macroscopic and microscopic lesions consistent with paratuberculosis were observed. Map-positive culture results from faecal and tissue samples, complemented with positive-PCR-results from fixed tissues are informed. Evidence has been found on cattle and deer populations being connected since molecular characterization of the Map isolated from deer lack of variation between the cattle control strain. The latter could indicate that both species share the same bacteria, suggesting there is interspecies transmission. Complementary diagnostic methods were accurate to diagnose paratuberculosis and to differentiate the clinical deer case from other mycobacterial infection. The epidemiological findings suggest that the infection in the deer farm could be transmitted from a cattle herd, making this the first reported case of paratuberculosis in deer farm in Chile.Key words: deer, histopathology, paratuberculosis, PCR. RESUMENMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) es el agente etiológico de la patuberculosis. En Chile, antecedentes del aislamiento de Map tanto en rumiantes domésticos como en especies de vida silvestre se han ido acumulando a través del tiempo, sin embargo, esto tiene que estar afectando también a otras especies. En Chile, la crianza de ciervos se ha focalizado en dos objetivos: cotos de caza y producción de carnes exóticas, no existiendo un programa de vigilancia ni siendo reportada esta enfermedad en rebaños de este tipo. Este trabajo reporta la presencia de diarrea crónica y pobre condición corporal en algunos animales pertenecientes a una granja de ciervos donde se sospechó la presencia de paratuberculosis. Cuatro ciervos adultos fueron eutanaziados bajo esta sospecha. Todos los animales presentaron lesiones macro y microscópicas compatibles con paratuberculosis. Resultados positivos al cultivo bacteriológico a partir de heces y muestras de tejido, además de PCR a partir de tejido fijado evidencian la infección. De acuerdo a los resultados de caracterización molecular de las cepas aisladas de los ciervos que no muestran variación entre cepas control de bovino, se evidencia que ambas poblaciones estarían conectadas. Complementariamente, los métodos diagnósticos utilizados fueron muy precisos para diagnosticar paratuberculosis y para diferenciar casos clínicos en ciervos de otras micobacteriosis. Las características epidemiológicas descritas en este estudio sugieren que la infecció...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paratuberculosis or avian tuberculosis in red deer with chronic diarrhea?

et al. 2014

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“…Less important sources include sperm from infected bulls (Larsen et al, 1981;Ayele et al, 2004) and embryo transfer (Rhode and Shulaw, 1990). Wild ruminants (Pavlik et al, 2000a;Machackova et al, 2004;Machackova-Kopecna et al, 2005) may also be a potential source of MAP infection. Due to the fact that MAP was also detected in wild animals other than ruminants, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic impact of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds: a review

Hasoňová¹,

Pavlík²

2006

Vet. Med.

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Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a disease which causes considerable economic losses to producers of livestock, particularly dairy cows. Nowadays PTB is one of the most prevailing and costly infectious diseases of dairy cattle. The purpose of the present study was to review economic losses, which may be caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) above all in herds of dairy cattle. The most important losses caused by the presence of clinically ill animals have been thoroughly described: loss of milk production and poor body condition followed by death or culling. In contrast, losses arising from a subclinical disease have not been well documented and contradictory results have been published to date. The calculation of losses caused by PTB depends to a certain degree on the production system in a herd, efficiency level, herd management system and other factors. Direct economic losses are above all caused by decreased milk production concurrent to increased incidence of mastitis, changes in milk parameters and increased somatic cell counts, reproductive dysfunctions, poor feed conversion, shortened production age and increased predisposition to other diseases etc. Indirect economic losses are caused by premature culling of animals and their unrealized future income, expenses for nonactive production, herd replacement, diagnostic testing, "unnecessary" veterinary care and establishing disease control programmes. Genetic value of animals and their progeny is lost. Last but not least, the reputation of the farm where MAP infected animals are kept is lost for a long-time, which is also important.Keywords: Johne's disease; MAP; dairy cattle; economic losses; Crohn's disease; IS900 List of abbreviations: AGIDT = agar gel immunodiffusion test; BVD = bovine viral diarrhoea; CFT = complement fixation test; EBL = enzootic bovine leucosis; ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; GBP = Greit Britain Pound; IBR = infection bovine rhinotracheitis; LA% = lactation percentage; LAM = Lipoarabinomannan; MAP = Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis; ME = mature equivalent; NEB = negative energy balance; NOK = Norwegian Crown; PTB = paratuberculosis; SCC = somatic cell count; USD = United States Dollars; USDA = United States

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“…In contrast to clinical symptoms of the disease in cattle, paratuberculosis in deer may often be clinically diagnosed in young animals, in which severe emaciation and occasionally mortality are observed. Older animals appear to become more resistant to the infection and are less susceptible to the disease (Mackintosh et al, 2004;Machackova-Kopecna et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

A mixed infection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. a. hominissuis in one red deer (Cervus elaphus) studied by IS900 BstEII and IS1245 PvuII RFLP analyses: a case report

Morávková¹,

Trcka²,

Lamka³

et al. 2008

Vet. Med. - Czech

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A mixed infection of (MAH) in one naturally infected red deer stag from a game park is described. The animal was euthanized because of symptoms of poor condition, weight loss and chronic diarrhoea. In spite of that, pathological lesions were observed only in the mesenteric lymph nodes, which were five to ten times enlarged with confluent caseous granulomas of 1 to 10 mm in size. Mycobacteria were isolated from all studied samples: a mixed infection of MAP and MAH was confirmed by multiplex PCR for the detection of IS900, IS901, IS1245 and dnaJ. MAP of the identical IS900 BstEII RFLP type C1 was isolated from all tissue samples and faeces. MAH isolates were detected in six examined tissue samples, including three mesenteric lymph nodes with caseous granulomas. Only minor differences in the band numbers and position of four different IS1245 PvuII RFLP patterns of MAH isolates were found. It follows from these results that red deer may potentially be infected with MAH, when a MAP infection is under way.

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Paratuberculosis and avian tuberculosis infections in one red deer farm studied by IS900 and IS901 RFLP analysis

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Paratuberculosis or avian tuberculosis in red deer with chronic diarrhea?

Paratuberculosis or avian tuberculosis in red deer with chronic diarrhea?

Economic impact of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds: a review

A mixed infection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. a. hominissuis in one red deer (Cervus elaphus) studied by IS900 BstEII and IS1245 PvuII RFLP analyses: a case report

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