“…In particular, we argue that Blum has underestimated the contribution of psychoanalytic theory, research and treatment of PPD because these contributions have generally not been based on descriptive categorical diagnostic labels such as PPD, but on developmental analyses of adaptive and maladaptive outcomes in the transition to motherhood (e.g., Besser, Priel, & Wiznizer, 2002; Priel & Besser, 2000a, 2001, 2002; Raphaël-Leff, 1986, 2001; Stern, 1995); outcomes that include, but are not limited to, the clinical disorder of postpartum depression (Besser & Priel, 2003a; Besser, Priel, Flett, & Wiznizer, 2007; Priel & Besser, 1999, 2000a; Vliegen, Luyten, Meurs, & Cluckers, 2006). Likewise, we discuss psychoanalytically based treatment for mothers in postpartum psychological distress (e.g., Beebe, 2003; Cramer, 1997; Espasa, 2004; Fraiberg, 1980; McDonough, 2000; Shirilla & Wheatherston, 2002; Tracey, 2000). Much of this more recent research derives from a comprehensive theoretical framework proposed by Blatt concerning the psychodynamics of depression (Blatt, 1974, 1990, 1992, 1998, 2004) that is part of a broader theory of normal and pathological personality development (Blatt, 2006, 2008; Blatt & Blass, 1990, 1996; Blatt & Shichman, 1983).…”