Parental Academic Support in Online and Modular Learners Amidst Pandemic: A Comparative Study

Abstract

This study aims to determine how the impact of the COVID pandemic on the education system so that it changes learning patterns in daily life in the form of online and modular learning. How the attitude of parents in dealing with changes in educational normality faced by children as students is the focus of this research. In this study, parents were considered as an integral part of this survey due to their direct contact with learners. The results showed that the variables affected a parent's ability to actively participate in their child's education during the pandemic. The variables were influenced by (1) the parental role construction which is shaped by the beliefs, perception, and experiences of the parent; (2) the socioeconomic status of the parent which influences the skill, knowledge, energy, and time availability of the parent; (3) the invitation of parents by the teachers and schools to be active participants in the education of their children during the pandemic; (4) and the self-efficacy and confidence derived by the parent from being an active participant. We collected data from our respondents in the form of a survey, in which the data, through a Likert scale, were separated based on what form of modality the respondent is undertaking and they were analyzed by finding its mean and difference between the two media of education. The findings revealed that the major concern of the parents was related to children facing the problems due to sudden school closure and a complete lockdown on social gatherings. To address these challenges, schools have played a phenomenal role in flipping the conventional model of teaching and learning. However, phenomena have not been as easy as they may seem. Many teachers had to speedily overcome camera consciousness and be able to deliver 'live' classes. Moreover, parents have adapted quickly to address the learning gap that has emerged in their children’s academic lives in these challenging times. Home learning has emerged as a substitute to the conventional schooling methods, which should be made effective to provide essential learning skills to children at home using the limited available resources. The limitations remain like how parents with different educational backgrounds will follow through the instructions; therefore, online schooling to support home learning can be a go-to strategy where teachers deliver education online. This research provides parents with an overview of how their support has affected their children's academic performance so far, as well as provides them with knowledge about their shortcomings in supporting their children's education during the pandemic.

Parents’ Role in Supporting Their Children’s Online Learning Process

“…Lastly, the present study also indicates some of the determinants, which are intertwined. Of these factors, the parent's welfare and education are found to be the most important determinants generating the other factors such as time management, and pedagogical inability (Afifah, 2021;Palma, et al, 2021). These findings are relevant to other findings indicated by Ribeiro et al (2021) who confirm that COVID 19 does not only complicate people with the ordeal, in fact, it also provides those, who have certain qualities to accompany their children more often.…”

“…However, she also finds that assisting their children to learn the school learning materials remains a challenge to be solved (Puspita, 2021, p. 74). Fourthly, Palma et al (2021) identify that there are some factors affecting parents in supporting their children's learning activities, such as parents' beliefs, perceptions, experience, socioeconomic status, skill, knowledge, energy, and time availability. Fifthly, Ribeiro et al (2021) identify that there are some changes in the patterns of families' interaction due to the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Character Education in Indonesia: How Is It Internalized and Implemented in Virtual Learning?

“…This will improve students' motivation to do things well and be responsible for themselves. In addition, the teacher should ask for information from the students' parents regarding the activities carried out by their children (Cabanatuan & Ahmad, 2022;Deximo & Lucero, 2021;Palma et al, 2021). When teachers contact parents, students should be present during the communication.…”

The development and validation of a character education model through traditional games based on the Socratic method in an elementary school

“…Teachers and parents instill character values such as honesty, compassion, loyalty, respect, trust, and responsibility in children throughout childhood (Mei-Ju, Chen-Hsin, & Pin-Chen, 2014). Although peers impact a child's character development, parents are a more powerful source of influence (Palma et al, 2021;Cabanatuan & Ahmad, 2022), and parent-child connections are at the heart of character development Termini & Golden, 2007). Thus, parents must provide a positive example for their children to foster prosocial behavior (Pandya, 2017).…”