Parental warmth interacts with several genes to affect executive function components: a genome-wide environment interaction study

Abstract

Background: Executive function (EF) is vital to human beings. It has been linked to many genes and family environmental factors in separate studies, but few studies have examined the potential interactions between gene(s) and environmental factor(s). The current study explored the whole genome to identify SNPs, genes, and pathways that interacted with parental warmth (PW) on EF. Results: Nine EF tasks were used to measure its three components (common EF, updating, shifting) based on the model proposed by Miyake et al. (2000). We found that rs111605473, LAMP5, SLC4A7, and LRRK1 interacted significantly with PW to affect the updating component of EF, and the GSE43955 pathway interacted significantly with PW to affect the common EF component. Conclusions: The current study is the first to identify genes that interacted with PW to affect EF. Further studies are needed to reveal the underlying mechanism.

CPNE3 moderates the association between anxiety and working memory

“…This dataset was reported with previously 18 . 1–2 μg genome DNA (gDNA) was extracted from 250 μl blood using Axypre Blood Genomic DNA Kit (Corning Life Sciences cat.no.11313KC3).…”

“…A 3-back task was used to measure WM in the discovery sample 18 . N-back task was widely used in literature and showed good psychometric properties 19 , 20 .…”

“…Genome-wide interaction was performed using PLINK2 linear regression, with WM as phenotype, and anxiety, gene, and anxiety by gene interaction as regressors. There was no obvious population stratification with this sample 18 , so the first two principal components of the genome, as well as gender and age, were included as the covariates. Additional analyses were conducted to include additional components (up to 10 total components), but the results remained the same (data not shown).…”

The crisis of COVID-19 and opportunities for reimagining education

“…These engagements will form the foundation of research regarding the impact of environmental factors and experiences on outcomes such as executive function. Furthermore, we have in the studies by Ji and Wang (2018) and Chen et al (2020), some suggestions for how we might do this. It is anticipated that empirical evidence will ultimately lead to the development of policy as well as evidence-based interventions that are able to develop executive function, and thus resilience and other related mental functions, in learners and caregivers who face adversity.…”

“…In terms of studies using human subjects, the systematic review by Ibrahim et al (2017) provided evidence that epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, in response to environmental cues were able to influence executive function, particularly working memory. More recently, Chen et al, (2020) produced the first study to identify genes that interact with parental warmth to influence executive function. This study showed that the interaction between parenting style and the genetic makeup of his/her/their children is able to impact outcomes.…”