Part G, Bryozoa (Revised), vol. 1, ch .3, p. 238-357

Sandberg, Philip A.; Utgaard, John; Cheetham, Alan H.; Wood, Timothy S.

doi:10.17161/dt.v0i0.5181

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Later, in his Vorschule der Rechtsphilosophie (1948), he rejected the possibility of developing the concept of law by induction at all: "The concept of law is of an a priori nature and can only be created deductively". 65 ELEMENTS OF THE IDEA OF LAW Methodological trialism adopted by Radbruch is also transferred to the idea of law, which -like the world (excluding the world of religion) -has a three-element structure: justice (Gerechtigkeit), purposiveness (Zweckmäßigkeit) and legal security (Rechtssicherheit). According to Kaufmann, in political reality they are matched by authority, benefit and guarantee of the state.…”

Section: U M C Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Axiology of Law – from General to Specific Philosophy of Law

Zajadło

2023

sil

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An axiology as a theory of values takes an important place not only in general philosophy but in legal philosophy as well. Jurisprudence and law cannot ultimately be axiologically neutralised since the relationship between law and values is of a primary, eternal, necessary and immanent character. The author discusses this phenomenon on the example of Gustav Radbruch’s legal philosophy. In his opinion when one writes about Radbruch as a philosopher of law, one should make five very important reservations: firstly, Radbruch was a representative of Neo-Kantianism; secondly, it was not Neo-Kantianism ‘in general’, but a specific variant called Baden Neo-Kantianism (south-German, Heidelberg-based); thirdly, Radbruch was not a philosopher ‘in general’, as he was interested in Neo-Kantianism transplanted to the philosophy of law; fourthly, we may currently notice a great comeback of the philosophy of Kant (e.g. J. Habermas, J. Rawls, O. Höffe), but this phenomenon should be precisely distinguished from Neo-Kantianism as the temporally and spatially determined philosophical direction of the fin de siècle period; fifthly, if one can even speak of some kind of axiological turning point in the evolution of Radbruch’s philosophical views, it is 1933 rather than 1945.

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Section: U M C Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Axiology of Law – from General to Specific Philosophy of Law

Zajadło

2023

sil

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“…8, 9, 102a) that resemble the crenulation in Pywackia . The microtopography of some cheilostome autozooecial walls ranges from smooth, to subtly transversely ribbed, to low growth ridges that parallel the aperture (Sandberg, 1983, fig. 128.1, 128.2, 128.4).…”

Section: Longitudinal Features In Pywackia and Bryozoan Autozooeciamentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Earth’s oldest known bryozoan (Pywackia, late Cambrian) from pennatulacean octocorals (Mesozoic–Recent)

Landing¹,

Antcliffe²,

Brasier

et al. 2015

J. Paleontol.

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Bryozoans and all biomineralized metazoan phyla extend back into the Cambrian.PywackiaLanding, 2010 is confirmed as a secondarily phosphatized, late Cambrian stenolaemate bryozoan with colonial habit; mineralized zooarium (originally calcareous); granular/rarely granular-prismatic histology of its trilamellar walls; and polymorphism shown by deep autozooecia with diaphragms and hemiphragms, axial zooecia with diaphragms, and probable nanozooecia. The irregular form ofPywackiareflects growth as a 14-hedron that could not branch and a lack of structures such as thickened walls or styles that maintain regular autozooecial spacing in later stenolaemates.Pywackiais a stem group stenolaemate with a stolon modified into a budding axial zooid and autozooid budding. It is morphologically simpler than the highly evolved late Tremadocian bryozoans of South China with features such as styles, cystiphragms, thickened zooecial walls, and massive or branching colonies. As with some bryozoans,Pywackialacks holdfasts but has lineated living chambers and variably sized autozooecia. The late Cambrian origin of bryozoans, euconodonts, polyplacophorans, and cephalopods set the stage for the Ordovician Radiation’s complex communities.Pywackiais not a pennatulacean octocoral. It lacks both a pennatulacean axial rod histology and a budding zooid that remains confluent with daughter autozooids. Indeed,Pywackiawalled off its axial zooid. Similarity of the 6- and 12-sidedPywackiazooarium with circular to 4-sided pennatulacean axes only includes calcareous composition and the general shapes ofPywackiazooaria and someLituariaaxial rods. The pennatulacean record does not extend from the Mesozoic into the Cambrian, and early cnidarians were not phosphatic. The diagnosis ofPywackiais modified.

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The role of bryozoans in fossil reefs—an example from the Middle Devonian of the Western Sahara

Ernst

Königshof

2008

Facies

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Stenolaemate bryozoans with their stable calcitic skeletons play a signiWcant role in reef building. In the Middle Devonian Sabkhat Lafayrina reef complex (Western Sahara), bryozoans are abundant and diverse. Although they do not form part of the principal framework of reefs, bryozoans are involved signiWcantly in reef growth, especially in the initial stage. In this way, bryozoans are important with respect to initiating reef growth. They contribute greatly to sediment stabilization, making it possible for principal reef builders to grow on hardened and stabilized substrates, and also play sediment-baZing and sedimentWlling roles. The aim of this study is to document the diversity of bryozoans in a Middle Devonian reef complex and to estimate their potential for initiation and contribution to reef structures.

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Part G, Bryozoa (Revised), vol. 1, ch .3, p. 238-357

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Axiology of Law – from General to Specific Philosophy of Law

Axiology of Law – from General to Specific Philosophy of Law

Distinguishing Earth’s oldest known bryozoan (Pywackia, late Cambrian) from pennatulacean octocorals (Mesozoic–Recent)

The role of bryozoans in fossil reefs—an example from the Middle Devonian of the Western Sahara

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