Partial and integral thermodynamic properties in the sodium chloride–water–1-butanol(iso-butanol) ternary systems

Water–ethanol–sodium chloride system: The main sources of uncertainties in thermodynamic properties determined by potentiometry

“…The equilibrium was established within 20e30 min. For the more details of the experiments, see paper of Konstantinova et al [9]. Three series of solutions were investigated: with molality 0.05e3 m and alcohol content in mixed solvents 9.99, 19.98 and 39.96 wt.%.…”

“…This method is a widely used in thermodynamics of alloys but we do not know examples of its application in electrolyte systems except in our work [9,13]. The excess Gibbs energy of a ternary solution A-B-C can be calculated by using Eq.…”

Electromotive Force Measurements and Thermodynamic Modelling of Sodium Chloride in Aqueous-Alcohol Solvents

“…Results of calculation are presented in the Table 5. The binary interaction parameters for a system containing water (1) and ethanol (2) were determined by the minimization of the objective function, which was the sum of the squares of the relative deviations between the calculated and experimental values for different data sets in the H 2 O-C 2 H 5 OH system (see, for instance, Shishin et al 2010;Konstantinova et al, 2011) or by using literature data (Lopes et al, 2001). The values of short-range interactions parameters W nMX , V nMX , U nMX (n = 1,2) related to sodium chloride and component of mixed solvent, given in Table 5, were obtained from the results of EMF measurements of electrochemical cell (I).…”

“…The model parameters of aqueous solutions of alcohols were proposed in numerous studies (see, for example, Gmehling & Onken, 1977 or subsequent Editions). In the present study we used a results of own assessment of Water-Alcohol systems with NRTL model (Shishin et al, 2010;Konstantinova et al, 2011). The main merit of our approach is a use of unified equation of the Gibbs energy of a water-alcohol solution for the description of various types of equilibria: vapor-liquid and liquid-liquid.…”

“…The goal of this work is to review the results of our investigations and literature data about EMF measurements with ion-selective electrodes for the determination of the partial properties of some salts in water-alcohol mixtures. This work is part of the systematic thermodynamic studies of aqueous-organic solutions of alkali and alkaline-earth metal salts at the Laboratory of Chemical Thermodynamics of the Moscow State University (Mamontov et al, 2010;Veryaeva et al, 2010;Konstantinova et al, 2011).…”