Partial or total replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot (Psetta maxima)

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“…Dietary incorporation of other PPs revealed similar turbot performance at the same FM substitution level; e.g. Regost et al (1999) observed unaffected feed efficiencies and growth performance of turbot fed diets containing a 33% replacement of FM by corn gluten meal. More recently, Bonaldo et al (2011) found similar result with a wheat gluten/soy bean meal substitution of FM in experimental diets for turbot.…”

“…Former trials on turbot have mainly focused on corn gluten meal, soy bean meal or lupine meal as an alternative protein source (Regost et al, 1999;Fournier et al, 2004). Wheat gluten has been shown to be an excellent protein source, containing 70-80% protein which is reported to be highly digestible.…”

Apparent protein and energy digestibility of common and alternative feed ingredients by Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua (Linnaeus, 1758)

“…Partial replacement of fish meal with plant protein supplements or complete replacement with concentrates from these products has been successful in several commercially important salmonid species (Higgs et al, 1995;Kaushik et al, 1995) and turbot (Regost et al, 1999). Factors limiting the use of plant protein sources include low protein content, high fiber content, an amino acid imbalance, poor palatability and the presence of anti-nutritional factors or toxicants (e.g.…”

“…Although there is some variation in the reported energy ADC values (76-91%) for rainbow trout (Morales et al, 1999;Cheng and Hardy, 2003;Thiessen et al, 2004), our value for cod (83%) was within that range and similar to those recently reported for haddock (81%) and Atlantic halibut (85%) (Tibbetts et al, 2004;Peach, 2005). It has been reported that corn gluten meal can effectively replace up to one-third of the fish meal in diets for turbot (Regost et al, 1999) and there is good potential for its use in cod diets, provided there are no adverse effects of xanthophils present to pigment the flesh.…”

Replacement of Fishmeal with Plant Protein Ingredients in Diets to Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) – Effects on Weight Gain and Accretion

“…Plant proteins are the most likely candidates because of their abundance and relatively low cost. However, upon substituting the fishmeal with plant protein ingredients reduced growth performance generally occurs in Atlantic salmon (Olli et al, 1995;Refstie et al, 1998;Storebakken et al, 1998;Carter & Hauler, 2000;Krogdahl et al, 2003;Opstvedt et al, 2003) as well as in other fish species of commercial interest such as Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua (von der Decken & Lied, 1993;Hansen et al, 2007), sea bream, Sparus aurata (Robaina et al, 1995;Gòmez-Requeni et al, 2004), rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Pongmaneerat & Watanabe, 1992;Gomes et al, 1995;Kaushik et al, 1995) and turbot, Psetta maxima (Regost et al, 1999;Fournier et al, 2004). Increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) and reduced protein utilization are of major concern when fishmeal is replaced with plant ingredients (Robaina et al, 1995;Refstie et al, 1998;Opstvedt et al, 2003).…”