Participant Reactions to Questions about Gender-Based Sexual Violence: Implications for Campus Climate Surveys

Gómez, Jennifer M.; Smith, Carly; Rosenthal, Marina N.; Freyd, Jennifer J.

doi:10.21768/ejopa.v4i2.75

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Both complete and partial measures are described here as they appear within survey modules, and the order of modules is given here as it appears in the survey. Modules 6, 13, 15, and 17 each included one attention-check item adapted from the University of Oregon Sexual Violence Survey (Gomez, Rosenthal, Smith, & Freyd, 2015). Full descriptions of each module are available as online supplements to this article.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring campus sexual misconduct and its context: The Administrator-Researcher Campus Climate Consortium (ARC3) survey.

Swartout¹,

Flack²,

Cook³

et al. 2019

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring campus sexual misconduct and its context: The Administrator-Researcher Campus Climate Consortium (ARC3) survey.

Swartout¹,

Flack²,

Cook³

et al. 2019

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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“…To recruit graduate student participants, we obtained 2,000 student e-mails that were randomly selected by the Registrar from the population of graduate students who, at the time of data collection, had been continuously enrolled during the entire 2014–2015 academic year, were currently registered for classes, and were at least 18 years old. Data collection occurred in June 2015, and we anticipated a 20% response rate based on previous research on this campus with similar methodology (Gómez, Rosenthal, Smith, & Freyd, 2015). Of the 2,000 graduate students recruited for participation, 539 participated and provided valid and complete responses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Still Second Class

Rosenthal

Smidt

Freyd

2016

Psychology of Women Quarterly

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131

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We surveyed 525 graduate students (61.7% females and 38.3% males) regarding their exposure to sexual and gender-based harassing events. Thirty-eight percent of female and 23.4% of male participants self-reported that they had experienced sexual harassment from faculty or staff; 57.7% of female and 38.8% of male participants reported they had experienced sexual harassment from other students. We explored the relation between sexual harassment and negative outcomes (trauma symptoms, campus safety, and institutional betrayal) while also considering associations with other types of victimization (sexual assault, stalking, and dating violence) during graduate school. Our results update and extend prior research on sexual harassment of graduate students; graduate-level female students continue to experience significantly more sexual harassment from faculty, staff, and students than their male counterparts, and sexual harassment is significantly associated with negative outcomes after considering other forms of victimization. Leaders in the academic community and therapists can apply these findings in their work with sexually harassed students to destigmatize the experience, validate the harm, and work toward preventing future incidents. A podcast conversation with the author of this article is available on PWQ's website at http://pwq.sagepub.com/site/misc/Index/Podcasts.xhtml

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“…found in type of abuse, with both genders reporting similar rates of any sexual victimization. As sexual violence is often conceptualized as a form of gendered violence against women (e.g., Go´mez, Rosenthal, Smith, & Freyd, 2015), this finding is unexpected and in need of replication in larger samples. Moreover, the current study's preliminary findings shed light on the complexity of outcomes of violence victimization, including dissociation, PTSS, and (intra)cultural pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Group dynamics as a predictor of dissociation for Black victims of violence: An exploratory study of cultural betrayal trauma theory

Gómez

2019

Transcult Psychiatry

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Violence victimization is prevalent in the US and is linked to costly mental health outcomes, including dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Black Americans are at increased risk for violence victimization, while additionally enduring racism that impacts mental health. Moreover, discrimination affects outcomes of violence. Cultural betrayal trauma theory (CBTT) is a new framework for examining the impact of within-group violence victimization (termed cultural betrayal trauma) and minority status on outcomes. Furthermore, CBTT examines posttraumatic group dynamics, such as (intra)cultural pressure. As pressure to protect the minority in-group by not disclosing cultural betrayal trauma, (intra)cultural pressure may impact outcomes. The purpose of the exploratory study was to examine the impact of cultural betrayal trauma and (intra)cultural pressure on dissociation and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Participants ( N = 43) were Black/African American university students who completed online measures assessing violence victimization and outcomes. Linear regression analyses revealed that cultural betrayal trauma predicted PTSS, whereas (intra)cultural pressure predicted dissociation. The current study has implications for examining the impact of group dynamics, such as (intra)cultural pressure, in clinical interventions for Black victims of cultural betrayal trauma. Such cultural competency in mental health care treatment may help reduce mental health disparities.

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Participant Reactions to Questions about Gender-Based Sexual Violence: Implications for Campus Climate Surveys

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Measuring campus sexual misconduct and its context: The Administrator-Researcher Campus Climate Consortium (ARC3) survey.

Measuring campus sexual misconduct and its context: The Administrator-Researcher Campus Climate Consortium (ARC3) survey.

Still Second Class

Group dynamics as a predictor of dissociation for Black victims of violence: An exploratory study of cultural betrayal trauma theory

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