“…They work with little, if any, institutional support and thus operate with minimal support from foundations, public grants, or fundraising cycles (Goecks, et al, 2008). As a class of organization, activist groups share many features with non-profit social-service groups: both utilize a mostly volunteer workforce with high turnover (Harrison, et al;Le Dantec and Edwards, 2008;McPhail, et al, 1998); they often employ people motivated by social justice issues or principled political positions but who lack specific technical expertise (Merkel, et al, 2007;Merkel, et al, 2004); and they must work with donated, aging, and obsolete technology Le Dantec and Edwards, 2008;Le Dantec and Edwards, 2010). Beyond these similarities, however, activist groups must operate under additional constraints in order to respond quickly to situations that arise within their communities of concern: for activist organizations, work is often urgent, unpredictable, and spontaneous as they stage public interventions and seek to raise awareness of the issues for which they are fighting.…”