Particle breakage during cyclic triaxial loading of a carbonate sand

Abstract

Dynamic loading of embankment, foundation and pavement structures results in particle breakage of the constituent granular materials, when the stresses imposed on their particles exceed their strength. This paper presents the results of a number of drained cyclic triaxial tests on loose, uniformly graded samples of Dogs bay carbonate sand. It is observed that particle breakage is dependent on stress level, cyclic stress ratio, and creep and is directly related to volumetric strain. Drained cycling increases volumetric strain and therefore more breakage occurs when larger numbers of cycles are imposed. The increase in particle breakage from one cycle to the next indicates that while particles may not be loaded to their full capacity in a given cycle, they can be crushed in subsequent cycles without any variation in the amplitude of cyclic loading.

Effect of composition on the mechanical response of agglomerates of infant formulae

“…This method for quantifying breakage using particle size distributions is commonly used in the field of soil mechanics (e.g., Coop et al, 2004;Donohue et al, 2009). Particle size distributions are often presented as shown in Fig.…”

“…Hardin used 74 lm although other researchers have used different values, e.g., Coop et al (2004) and Donohue et al (2009) both used 63 lm. For this work, 20 lm was chosen as measured changes in the particle size distributions of infant formulae below this threshold were negligible, even where attrition was high.…”

On the role of particle breakage in the shear failure behavior of granular soils by DEM

“…In recognition of its importance in many geotechnical engineering applications, such as cone penetrometer testing, displacement pile driving, and high earth or rock-fill dams, where the effective stresses acting on soils can be high enough to fracture grains of the strongest soil minerals [1][2][3], many authors have investigated the effects of grain crushing on the stress-strain, deformation, yielding, hardening and softening, and critical state behavior of sands (e.g. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]). It is found that grain crushing is most affected by mineralogy (e.g.…”

“…where P s is the survival probability of a particle with size d, s = F/d 2 (F is the force measured in the platen compression test) is the induced tensile stress, s 0 is the characteristic tensile stress at which 1/e or 37% of the tested particles survive, and m is the Weibull modulus. On this basis, a wealth of theoretical and numerical modeling work has been carried out to estimate the effects of particle crushing on sand behavior under a variety of stress paths [8,12,[19][20][21][22]. In particular, the discrete element method (DEM) has achieved notable success in unraveling the particle-scale mechanisms (e.g.…”

“…In particular, the discrete element method (DEM) has achieved notable success in unraveling the particle-scale mechanisms (e.g. [11,12,17,[20][21][22][23][24][25]). The success of this DEM work has demonstrated the possibilities and potentials of using this numerical tool to reproduce virtually the physical behavior of crushable soils in a valid manner as well as the opportunities for us to seek further understanding of soil behavior at the grain scale.…”