Particle size effects in X‐Ray emission analysis: Formulae for continuous size distributions

Hunter, Colin B.; Rhodes, J.R.

doi:10.1002/xrs.1300010306

Cited by 44 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Samples were grinded in the disc mill with the discs spaced 0.05 mm apart and prepared as pressed pellets on the boric acid substrate. Particle size effect almost does not influence the ratios values, but accurate determination of total sulfur is necessary to correctly determine sulfate sulfur. Therefore, all samples should possibly have close size of powder particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray fluorescence determination of sulfur chemical state in sulfide ores

2016

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This paper describes the X-ray fluorescence technique for estimation of the ratio between sulfide and total sulfur in sulfide ores using the influence of sulfur chemical state on positions and intensities of lines (SKα 1,2 , SKβ 1,3 ) and satellites (SKβ′, SKα 3,4 ) of the sulfur X-ray emission spectra measured by the wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The samples to be analyzed were prepared as pressed powder pellets on boric acid substrate. The SKα 1,2 line chemical shift is the most appropriate parameter for sulfur chemical state estimation because spectral lines in this field are intensive and are almost not affected by spectral overlap of lead spectrum lines. The ratios of line intensities were also used as analytical parameters. Forty-one samples of sulfide ores collected in the Russian Far East and Southern Ural deposits have been analyzed. The results of estimation of sulfur chemical state by gravimetric and proposed X-ray fluorescence techniques agree fairly well.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray fluorescence determination of sulfur chemical state in sulfide ores

2016

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“…Hunter and Rhodes (1972) were among the first to introduce a continuous size distribution in their analytical formulation of the particle-size effect. An interesting phenomenon present in most of the abovementioned studies is the presence of a transition zone in the particle-size effect, i.e., the effect is most prominent within a fixed particle-size range of ∼10−300 μm and almost non-existent outside of that range (McKay et al 1991).…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory studies into the effect of regolith on planetary X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

Näränen

Parviainen²,

Muinonen³

et al. 2008

Icarus

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Laboratory studies into the effect of regolith on planetary X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Icarus, Elsevier, 2008, 198 (2) This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTLaboratory studies into the effect of regolith on planetary X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractIn the analysis of X-ray fluorescence spectra from planetary surfaces, it is traditionally assumed that the observed surface is a plane-parallel, smooth, and homogeneous medium. The spectral and spatial resolutions of the instruments that have been used to measure X-ray emission from planetary surfaces to date have been such that this has been a reasonable assumption, but a new generation of X-ray spectrometers will provide enhanced spectral and spatial resolutions when compared with previous instrumentation. In light of these improvements in performance, it is important to assess how the requirements on the methodology of analysis of spectra may change when the surface is considered as a regolith. At other wavelengths, varying physical properties of planetary regoliths, such as the packing density, are known to have an effect on the observed signal as a function of viewing geometry. In this paper, the results from laboratory X-ray fluorescence measurements of regolith analogue materials at different viewing geometries are presented. Characteristic properties of the regolith such as particle sizes and packing density are found to affect the measured elemental line ratios. A semiempirical function is introduced as a tool for fitting fluorescent line intensity dependences as a function of viewing geometry. The importance of the results is discussed and recommendations are made for the future analysis of planetary X-ray fluorescence data.

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“…Several scientific groups [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] have demonstrated significant variations of characteristic X-ray intensity with particle size and have developed theoretical formulae to explain them. Previous papers [17,[20][21][22][23][24] described methods for particles size correction by calculations or applying correction factors. The calculation methods are based on the particle size distribution data or the 'radiometric' or 'effective radiometric' particle diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy Features of Micro- and Nanoscale Copper and Nickel Particle Compositions

et al. 2021

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The study is devoted to X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) features of micro- and nanosized powder mixtures of copper and nickel. XRF is a high accuracy method that allows for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. However, the XRF measurement error due to the size of the studied particles is not usually taken into account, which limits the use of the method in some cases, such as analysis of Ni-Cu mixtures and coatings. In this paper, a method for obtaining copper and nickel nanoparticles was investigated, and the XRF of powder compositions was considered in detail. The initial micro- and nanoparticles of copper and nickel were studied in detail using SEM, TEM, XRD, and EDX. Based on experimental data, calibration curves for copper-nickel powder compositions of various sizes were developed. According to the results, it was experimentally established that the calibration curves constructed for nanoscale and microscale powders differ significantly. The presented approach can be expanded for other metals and particle sizes.

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Particle size effects in X‐Ray emission analysis: Formulae for continuous size distributions

Abstract: New equations have been derived to describe the dependence of characteristic X-ray intensity on particle size in heterogeneous specimens. The formulae include the effects of continuous size distributions, a problem not covered in earlier theoretical work.

Cited by 44 publications

References 3 publications

X‐ray fluorescence determination of sulfur chemical state in sulfide ores

X‐ray fluorescence determination of sulfur chemical state in sulfide ores

Laboratory studies into the effect of regolith on planetary X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy Features of Micro- and Nanoscale Copper and Nickel Particle Compositions

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