Partitioning of fatty acids into tissues and fluids from reproductive organs of ewes as affected by dietary phenolic extracts

Milojevic, Vladimir; Sinz, Susanne; Kreuzer, Michael; Chiumia, Daniel; Marquardt, Svenja; Giller, Katrin

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.012

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The bioavailability of polyphenols has been confirmed in different reproductive organs including reproductive centers in the brain (hypothalamus and hypophysis), testis, ovary, uterus placenta, and fetus [ 51 , 54 , 55 ], which confirms the ability of polyphenols to pass different blood barriers of the reproductive organs and therefore to presumptively influence their physiological functions. The bioavailability of polyphenols through the reproductive organs, however, depends on several factors such as the type of polyphenol, the selective transport of the tissue, and the physiological status of the animal.…”

Section: Intake Absorption Bioavailability and Bioactivity Of Pomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, polyphones can alter sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) affinity, and thus levels of active steroids in blood circulation [ 57 ]. Finally, polyphenols can also affect the reproductive functions through controlling the expression of genes or the activity of enzymes that contribute to the regulation of reproductive events: (1) activity of enzymes controlling DNA replication (topoisomerases I and II) and extracellular signal regulated kinases; (2) antioxidant and inflammatory molecular pathways; (3) cellular apoptotic and proliferation pathways; (4) modification of the expression of genes related to synthesis of angiogenesis factors in different reproductive tissue; (5) epigenetic mechanisms involving both hypermethylation and hypomethylation; (6) regulation of metabolic hormone signals such as growth hormones, insulin-like growth factors, and triiodothyronine; and (7) modification of the expression of genes associated with fatty acids metabolism [ 13 , 55 , 57 , 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Polyphenols and In Vivo Reproductive Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyphenols in Farm Animals: Source of Reproductive Gain or Waste?

2020

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Reproduction is a complex process that is substantially affected by environmental cues, specifically feed/diet and its components. Farm animals as herbivorous animals are exposed to a large amount of polyphenols present in their natural feeding system, in alternative feed resources (shrubs, trees, and agro-industrial byproducts), and in polyphenol-enriched additives. Such exposure has increased because of the well-known antioxidant properties of polyphenols. However, to date, the argumentation around the impacts of polyphenols on reproductive events is debatable. Accordingly, the intensive inclusion of polyphenols in the diets of breeding animals and in media for assisted reproductive techniques needs further investigation, avoiding any source of reproductive waste and achieving maximum benefits. This review illustrates recent findings connecting dietary polyphenols consumption from different sources (conventional and unconventional feeds) with the reproductive performance of farm animals, underpinned by the findings of in vitro studies in this field. This update will help in formulating proper diets, optimizing the introduction of new plant species, and feed additives for improving reproductive function, avoiding possible reproductive wastes and maximizing possible benefits.

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Section: Intake Absorption Bioavailability and Bioactivity Of Pomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polyphenols and In Vivo Reproductive Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenols in Farm Animals: Source of Reproductive Gain or Waste?

2020

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“…Potential improvements in fertility of cows caused by supplementing cows with fat have generally been associated with enhanced follicle development postpartum, increased diameter of the ovulatory follicle [346], increased progesterone (PG) concentrations during the luteal phase of the cycle [349], altered uterine/embryo cross-talk by modulating PG synthesis, and improved oocyte and embryo quality [350]. Some of these effects have been more influenced by the type of FA than by fat feeding per se as differential responses in vivo to FA feeding suggest that UFA of the n-6 and n-3 families are most beneficial for fertility [351,352].…”

Section: Effect Of Dietary Fatty Acids On Reproductive Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance

Bionaz

Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez

Busato

2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

105

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High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5–6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics; however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids (FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome; thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen, molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons; uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However, large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging.

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“…For instance, 0.2% quercetin (phenolic compound) offered a possibility of modifying lamb meat's fatty acid composition 27 whereas 2% DM of grape seed extracts (thereof 70.7% extractable phenols) displayed similar effects on ewes. 28 There were some reports that nearly 1.6% DM intake of chestnut tannins (HTs) or quebracho tannins (CTs) could affect rumen Butyrivibrio communities and then modulate lipid metabolism in dairy ewes, 13,14 while GSPE with around 2.4% DM did not affect the lamb growth performance but reduced the branched-chain fatty acids. 29 Obviously, the variable effects of tannins on the health and production of ruminants originate from the varied structures and different amounts of dietary additives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%