Polyphenols in Farm Animals: Source of Reproductive Gain or Waste?

Khalil

et al. 2021

Animals

This study evaluated the efficacy of Turraea fischeri leaf extract for maintaining the viability of cryopreserved goat sperm. Ejaculated semen was collected from 5 mature Baladi bucks (50–60 kg, 2–4 years of age) and those samples with mass motility ≥ 70% and sperm concentration ≥ 2.5 × 109/mL were selected, pooled, and divided into 4 aliquots. Each aliquot was diluted in Tris-citric-soybean lecithin extender containing a different concentration of T. fischeri leaf extract (0, 125, 250, or 375 µg/mL). Treated semen samples were cooled to 5 °C, transferred to 0.25-mL French straws, and stored in liquid nitrogen (LN2) at −196 °C. After thawing, membrane integrity was examined by transmission electron microscopy, apoptotic activity by Annexin/propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry, and both enzyme activities and antioxidant capacity by spectroscopic assays. The leaf extract at 375 µg/mL significantly improved semen quality as indicated by enhanced total antioxidant capacity, reduced H2O2 concentration, a greater proportion of structurally intact motile sperm, and concomitant reductions in apoptosis and necrosis. The extract also significantly increased the proportion of sperm with a contiguous plasma membrane and intact acrosome (p < 0.05). Furthermore, LC-MS revealed numerous secondary metabolites in the extract that may contribute to sperm cryopreservation.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Effects of a Turraea fischeri Leaf Extract on Cryopreserved Goat Sperm

Khalil

et al. 2021

Animals

“…For example, MLEE is rich with phthalate, which has endocrine-disrupting effects [ 11 ]. Moreover, increased antioxidant nutrients availability, mainly phenolic compounds and vitamins, can act as prooxidants by increasing oxidative stress [ 6 , 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rabbit does are more susceptible to injury due to these effects as they exhibit critical physiological and hormonal changes during their reproductive cycles [ 3 , 4 ].The search for safe and effective naturally occurring feed supplements is considered to be a promising solution that can be applied to improve the harmful effects of heat stress. Phytochemicals are natural bioactive and non-nutritive plant chemicals that positively affect health [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Nanoencapsulated Moringa Leaf Ethanolic Extract on the Physiology, Metabolism and Reproductive Performance of Rabbit Does during Summer

et al. 2021

Self Cite

This study investigated the effect of Moringa leaf ethanolic extract (MLEE) on heat-tolerance variables and the reproductive performance of rabbit does bred under hot climate conditions. Additionally, the effect of nanoencapsulation technology on the biological efficiency of MLEE was considered. A total of 56 rabbit does were randomly divided into four experimental groups and treated with 50 mg/kg body weight (BW) nonencapsulated MLEE, 25 or 10 mg/kg BW nanoencapsulated MLEE, or not treated (Control, C). The treatments continued for 50 days, including mating and pregnancy times. Physiological and hematochemical variables, hormonal profiles, and reproductive performance (kindling rate and litter characteristics) were determined. The active components of MLEE were identified. The results indicated that MLEE has 30 active components. All MLEE-based treatments reduced heat-stress-related indicators, such as rectal temperatures, respiratory rates and heart rate; improved hematochemical attributes, redox status, and hormones (progesterone and prolactin); and increased the total litter size, the kindling rate, litter size at birth and litter weight at birth. Adding MLEE can alleviate the negative impacts of heat stress by improving metabolism, redox status, and hormonal balance during pregnancy. These effects were seen whether MLLE was in free or encapsulated forms. However, the use of nanoencapsulated MLEE allowed 80% reduction (10 mg/kg BW) in the optimal dose (50 mg/kg BW) without affecting the efficiency of the treatment. These results support the importance of nanoencapsulation technology in improving the bioavailability of active components when they are orally administered.

“…To the present authors' knowledge, this is the first study in which HT and DHPG were tested as antioxidants for caprine sperm cryopreservation. Biological activity and risk/benefit of polyphenolic compounds are dependent on their diversity, dual-effects, biological activity, and source [49]. In this regard, the effect of olive oil and olive oil-derived antioxidants on sperm quality has previously been investigated in other species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian Analysis of the Effects of Olive Oil-Derived Antioxidants on Cryopreserved Buck Sperm Parameters

Arbulu

González

Bermúdez-Oria

et al. 2021

Animals

The present study evaluates the effect of olive oil-derived antioxidants, hydroxytyrosol (HT) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), on cryopreserved caprine sperm using Bayesian inference of ANOVA. For this proposal, sperm was collected, pooled and diluted in freezing media supplemented with different concentrations of HT, DHPG and the mixture (MIX) of both antioxidants. Sperm motility, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial status, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were assessed in fresh and frozen-thawed sperm samples. The results provided evidence that HT at low concentrations improves sperm motility and viability, and reduces the LPO. Contrastingly, DHPG and MIX exert a positive effect by reducing LPO values as concentration increases. Additionally, mitochondrial potential was reduced when samples were supplemented with HT at low concentrations and mixture of both antioxidants. Conclusively, the addition of olive oil-derived antioxidants (HT at 10 µg/mL and DHPG at 30 µg/mL) implements a protective effect in cryopreserved buck sperm. Bayesian analysis alternatives offer new possibilities to determine the repercussion of antioxidants on sperm, both quantitatively and qualitatively.