Partitioning of Resources and the Outcome of Interspecific Competition: A Model and Some General Considerations

Stewart, Frank M.; Levin, Bruce R.

doi:10.1086/282825

Cited by 374 publications

(327 citation statements)

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“…The equilibrium assumes a tight coupling of source and sink terms, so R* reflects a combination of both bottom-up (k N , m m ) and top-down (m) characteristics. If multiple organism types are present the ambient resource concentration will be drawn down to the lowest R* amongst the organisms present and other organisms will be excluded over time [Stewart and Levin, 1973]. In the presence of multiple, potentially limiting resources coexistence can occur [Tilman, 1977] up to the number of resources (or other limiting factors [Armstrong and McGehee, 1980]).…”

Section: Resource Competition Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this limit, organisms most able to take advantage of the abundant nutrients will dominate [Stewart and Levin, 1973]. We will refer to these organisms as ''r strategy '' types [McArthur and Wilson, 1967;Kilham and Hecky, 1988].…”

Section: Resource Competition Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We will refer to these organisms as ''r strategy '' types [McArthur and Wilson, 1967;Kilham and Hecky, 1988]. In high-nutrient regions, the organism with the fastest maximum growth rate, m m , will dominate in bloom periods [Stewart and Levin, 1973].…”

Section: Resource Competition Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the coupling of ocean ecology and biogeochemistry

Dutkiewicz

Follows

Bragg

2009

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

223

321

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[1] We examine the interplay between ecology and biogeochemical cycles in the context of a global three-dimensional ocean model where self-assembling phytoplankton communities emerge from a wide set of potentially viable cell types. We consider the complex model solutions in the light of resource competition theory. The emergent community structures and ecological regimes vary across different physical environments in the model ocean: Strongly seasonal, high-nutrient regions are dominated by fast growing bloom specialists, while stable, low-seasonality regions are dominated by organisms that can grow at low nutrient concentrations and are suited to oligotrophic conditions. In the latter regions, the framework of resource competition theory provides a useful qualitative and quantitative diagnostic tool with which to interpret the outcome of competition between model organisms, their regulation of the resource environment, and the sensitivity of the system to changes in key physiological characteristics of the cells.

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Section: Resource Competition Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resource Competition Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the coupling of ocean ecology and biogeochemistry

Dutkiewicz

Follows

Bragg

2009

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

223

321

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“…competitive coexistence (Steward and Levin 1973;Brown 1989;Shenbrot et al 1991;León et al 2013). Competitive coexistence of multiple species is likely a result of temporal and/or spatial variability in resource abundance, density-dependent resource consumption rate, as well as natality and mortality rates (Brown 1989;Kneitel and Chase 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra- and interspecific interactions and environmental factors determine spatial–temporal species assemblages of rodents in arid grasslands

Jiang

et al. 2014

Landscape Ecol

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Many factors have been shown to affect species assemblages of a community, but studies using long-term spatial-temporal community data are still lacking. In this study, by using population abundance data of 14 rodent species over 25 years in 21 sampling sites, we investigated the effects of taxonomic relation, density dependency, species interaction and climate variation in determining spatial-temporal species assemblages of rodents in arid grasslands of Inner Mongolia in China. By the use of GAMM analysis, we found that intraspecific interactions were more common and more significant than interspecific interactions. Negative interactions between species of the same genus were more common than negative interactions between species of different genera. Dominant species show negative interactions on less abundant or rare species. Positive interactions often occur within rare or less abundant species. Through cluster analysis, we found species assemblages of rodent communities are well explained by assemblages of environmental variables, and species of same genus tend not to occur together as compared to species of the same family. Our results indicate that resource partitioning through intra-or interspecific competition and environmental filtering by climate and vegetation are important forces in shaping the spatial-temporal community structure and the dynamics of small mammal populations in an arid grassland landscape.

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“…A number of studies combining mathematical modelling and experimental studies on continuous mixed cultures in constant environments (Gottschal & Thingstad, 1982;Kemp et al, 1983) or on continuous axenic cultures in varying environments (Pickett, 1982) have been published. However, apart from a report on the effect of pH oscillations on a mixed culture (Davison & Stephanopoulos, 1986), studies of mixed cultures in varying environments seem to have been done either only in the laboratory (Van Gemerden, 1974;Turpin & Harrison, 1979;Gottschal et al, 1981 a, b) or by mathematical modelling alone (Stewart & Levin, 1973;Klei et al, 1975). In the present work the competition between an obligate methylotroph and a facultative methylotroph in a continuous culture alternately supplied with methylamine and glucose as growth-rate-limiting nutrients was studied, both with computer simulations and in laboratory cultures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition between Specialist and Generalist Methylotrophic Bacteria for an Intermittent Supply of Methylamine

1987

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A us t ralia (Received I9 June I986 ; revised 23 October 1986)A computer program, METHCOMP, to simulate the competition between an obligately methylotrophic bacterium, a facultatively methylotrophic bacterium, a bacterium able to use methylamine as nitrogen source only, and a non-methylamine-using bacterium for methylamine and glucose in continuous culture with a constant or alternating nutrient supply is described. Competitions between obligate methylotroph B6/2 and facultative methylotroph DT26 in continuous cultures supplied alternately with methylamine and glucose/ammonium were both simulated using experimentally determined growth parameters and investigated in laboratory mixed cultures. The results of the laboratory experiments were in excellent agreement with the simulations. The composition of the mixed population is predicted to vary with imposed dilution rate, with strain B6/2 excluded at dilution rates below 0.0625 h-l and strain DT26 excluded at dilution rates above 0.20 h-l. At intermediate dilution rates both strains coexisted in stable proportions which depended upon the dilution rate. Hence, the use of an alternating nutrient supply may offer a practical approach to the control of the composition of defined, mixed microbial populations. I N T R O D U C T I O NMixed microbial populations are the rule in many traditional food and drink fermentations but have been little exploited otherwise, in spite of potential advantages over axenic cultures, such as higher growth rate, higher yield, and greater stability (Harrison, 1978;Larsen et al., 1978). The development of new mixed culture processes is hampered by the absence of rational techniques for culture formulation and for controlling culture composition.One major aim of this work was to develop an experimental model system to study means of controlling the composition of mixed cultures by alternating the supply of two nutrients so as to favour each of two coexisting bacteria in turn. The system examined was based upon bacterial competition for methylamine, with glucose as the alternating nutrient. The second major aim of the work was to test certain hypotheses about the ecology of methylamine-using bacteria.Bacteria able to use methylamine under aerobic conditions include at least three main physiological types, namely (a) specialist, obligately methylotrophic bacteria able to use methylamine but not non-C, compounds as sole carbon and energy source; (6) generalist, facultative methylotrophs able to use methylamine or other compounds singly as sole carbon and energy source; and (c) methazotrophs which cannot use methylamine as sole carbon and energy source but, in the presence of another source of carbon and energy, can use it as sole nitrogen source. The existence of the methazotrophs adds an extra dimension to the model not possible

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Partitioning of Resources and the Outcome of Interspecific Competition: A Model and Some General Considerations

Cited by 374 publications

References 7 publications

Modeling the coupling of ocean ecology and biogeochemistry

Modeling the coupling of ocean ecology and biogeochemistry

Intra- and interspecific interactions and environmental factors determine spatial–temporal species assemblages of rodents in arid grasslands

Competition between Specialist and Generalist Methylotrophic Bacteria for an Intermittent Supply of Methylamine

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