“…But are these kinds of change sufficient for the multiple crises we are currently facing? In this chapter, aligning with an emerging body of critical work on the nexus of educational technology (edtech) and degrowth, low tech or other systemic transformations, my response is: no (see, e.g., Grünberger, 2021;Grünberger et al, 2021;Macgilchrist, 2021;Scherrer, 2022;Selwyn, 2021;Selwyn et al, 2020). The kind of research and edtech noted in the previous paragraph, which arguably takes an "instrumental approach" to ESD , does not address the planetary dimensions.…”