Passive Localization of Moving Target with Channel State Information

Abstract

With the popularity of wireless networks and smart devices, wireless signal-based passive target sensing and localization have become a hot research topic and attracted numerous researchers’ interests. The existing passive localization solutions require multiple receivers, which is not practical for real-world applications. In response to this compelling problem, in this paper, we propose a practical single access point-based passive moving target localization system. Concretely, it first utilizes multiple antennas of the access point to form an antenna array and extended antenna, to capture channel state information (CSI) at different spatial locations. Then, leveraging the obtained CSI, the signal parameters, including the angle of arrival (AoA) and time of flight (ToF), are estimated. Based on the estimated signal parameters and the locations of the antenna array and extended antenna, finally, the passive localization of the moving target is realized. Comprehensive experiments are conducted under the real-world scenario with two different test platforms, and the experimental results show the proposed algorithm’s median localization can reach 1.087 m when the number of antennas is 4 and the signal bandwidth is 80 MHz, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Angle-of-Arrival Estimation With Practical Phone Antenna Configurations

“…Nevertheless, UE tends to have only a limited number of antennas due to their precious space, making it hard to derive precise AoAs. Several AoA estimation techniques based on Wi-Fi and 5G NR have therefore been introduced recently in [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

“…Moreover, most recently, [28] proposed MonoLoco to use direct path and multipath reflection from the UE to a single AP for multipath triangulation. BiLoc [29] and SR-PLoc [30] suggested the use of a specific distributed AP for applications with a single-antenna UE to estimate additional ToAs instead of the AoD of the UE for localization. For 5G NR, [32] proposed to estimate the AoAs with an adjacent angle power difference method based on orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP).…”

Sensors, Signal, and Artificial Intelligent Processing

“…Another hot research field is passive target sensing in wireless case. In [8], a passive moving target localization system in single access point is proposed. The multiple antenna access point has been generated to form an antenna array where its localization can reach 1.087 m.…”