Passive millimeter-wave focal plane array

Middleton, Charles; Zummo, Guy; Weeks, Arthur R.; Pergande, Al; Mirth, Lee; Boreman, Glenn D.

doi:10.1109/icimw.2004.1422307

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Therefore, silicon detectors offer significantly higher integration capabilities compared with the prevalent room-temperature THz detector technologies, such as Schottky barrier diodes, InP HEMT low-noise amplifiers, Golay-cells, microbolometers, and pyroelectric detectors [71]- [74].…”

Section: Receiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz Imaging and Sensing Applications With Silicon-Based Technologies

Hillger

Grzyb

Jain

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol.

304

108

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Traditional terahertz (THz) equipment faces major obstacles in providing the system cost and compactness necessary for widespread deployment of THz applications. Because of this, the field of THz integrated circuit (THz IC) design in CMOS and SiGe HBT technologies has surged in the last decade. An interplay of advances in silicon process technology, design technique, and microelectronic packaging promises to narrow the gap between the requirements and the reality of system cost and performance of THz components. Furthermore, the scalability, reconfigurability, and signal processing features of silicon technology have initiated research in complex THz ICs that expand the functionality of THz systems; this has enabled new applications, methods, and algorithms. This paper reviews the progress in THz IC research and investigates several realizations of THz imaging and sensing applications with silicon-based components regarding their motivation, system performance, and challenges. THz computed tomography, broadband multicolor imaging, high-resolution FMCW radar imaging, subwavelength resolution near-field imaging, and compressed sensing are presented.

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Section: Receiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz Imaging and Sensing Applications With Silicon-Based Technologies

Hillger

Grzyb

Jain

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol.

304

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For a photon detector to be effective, the generation rate [5] Schottky diodes ≤ 10 10 ≤ 10 ≥10 −10 (increases several orders with γ increase within~0.1-10 THz) [10] Schottky diode (zero biased)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their sensitivity quickly drops at frequencies above 1 THz because of the physical reasons, and they have some restrictions to be used in large format arrays. Some metal bolometers can reach NEP~(2-5)⋅10 −11 W/√Hz in the THz spectral region (see Table 1) and can be used in matrix arrays (e.g., 8×8, [5] or in the linear ones). Other kind of uncooled detectors are less sensitive at the moment to be applied in large format arrays for real-time short spectral range THz/sub-THz passive imaging even with readout electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncooled Detectors Challenges for THz/sub-THz Arrays Imaging

Sizov

Reva

Голенков

et al. 2011

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

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Some problems and challenges for applications of uncooled or slightly cooled detectors (not deeper than to 77 K) for sub-THz and THz (terahertz) arrays are briefly discussed. The possibilities to involve detectors based on plasmon resonance FETs (field effect transistors) and those based on warm electron effect narrow-gap semiconductor bolometers are speculated, as they seem to be promising for using in large format broadband arrays of low-cost systems, though they are still in the stage of research and optimization.

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“…Finally, to solve for , since it is related to the unknown parameters and , if measured twice at different ranges of and , ( , which is known during measurement,) respectively, equations set (8) can be established. Dividing the first equation by the second one, the equations set is simplified to a binary one of and , and then the solution of the range and the object size can be obtained as Equation (9).…”

Section: Range Solving Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it is harmless for the human beings while detecting object concealed under clothes. In general, the PMMW imaging system could be divided into the following categories [6]: 1) mechanically scanning a pencil-beam radiometer in two dimensions or a linear array of radiometer beams in one dimension to cover the whole field of view [7,8]; 2) electronically scanning the beam of an antenna array by inserting time lags into the signal path prior to combination [1]; 3) using a fixed two-dimensional array of radiometers in the focal plane of an optical system [9]; 4) using a linear array of frequency-directive antennas [10]; or 5) synthesizing the image from the visibility functions of an interferometer [11]. Among these categories, the most practical and economical choice is the mechanically scanning system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ranging Technique Based on Conically Scanned Single Pixel Millimeter Wave Radiometer

Lü

Xiao

et al. 2014

JERA

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Passive millimeter wave detection offers great advantages of covertness and anti-interference in surveillance and concealed weapon detection but suffers from disabilities of distance measurement. Based on the conically scanned single pixel millimeter wave radiometer, this paper presents a ranging method via dual-measurement utilizing the relation between the solid angle of the object and its distance from antenna. Both one-dimensional and two-dimensional detections are considered. For one-dimensional detection, the relation between the solid angle of the object and the range is reflected by the pulse width of the radiometer output, and the pulse widths of the radiometer output in two measurements could be extracted by derivative or threshold method. Then the range is calculated since it is inversely proportional to the pulse width, which is demonstrated in simulation. For two-dimensional imaging, a scale extracting algorithm is developed to search the scale between the object sizes of bi-measured images. Experiments are performed using a 94.5GHz total-power radiometer mounted on conically scanning platform. The obtained radiometric images are processed by the developed algorithm and the results indicated that both the scale extracting algorithm and the ranging method are effective and practical.

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Passive millimeter-wave focal plane array

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Terahertz Imaging and Sensing Applications With Silicon-Based Technologies

Terahertz Imaging and Sensing Applications With Silicon-Based Technologies

Uncooled Detectors Challenges for THz/sub-THz Arrays Imaging

Ranging Technique Based on Conically Scanned Single Pixel Millimeter Wave Radiometer

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