Passive smoking does not increase hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in exhaled breath condensate in 9-year-old healthy children

Doniec, Zbigniew; Nowak, Dariusz; Tomalak, Waldemar; Pisiewicz, Krzysztof; Kurzawa, Ryszard

doi:10.1002/ppul.20129

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, we believe that H 2 O 2 levels do not reflect changes in airway caliber despite the fact that H 2 O 2 induces contraction of respiratory smooth muscles [38]. Our findings are in agreement with prior reports showing no correlation between FEV 1 and H 2 O 2 both in healthy [39] and asthmatic children [15] as well as in adults [16]. On the contrary, Loukides et al [10] found a significant inverse correlation between FEV 1 values and H 2 O 2 levels in steroid-naive adults with moderate asthma but not in those treated with inhaled steroids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Hydrogen Peroxide in Exhaled Breath Condensate in Asthmatic Children during Acute Exacerbation and after Treatment

Caffarelli

Calcinai²,

Rinaldi

et al. 2012

Respiration

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Background: In asthmatics, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has been found to be increased and to be related to airway inflammation. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether in children with acute exacerbation, exhaled H₂O₂ levels could be influenced by treatment and linked to airway obstruction. Methods: Twenty-two asthmatic children (mean age 9.4 years, range 6–14) with asthma exacerbation and 12 healthy children (mean age 11.7 years, range 7–15) were enrolled. Concentrations of exhaled H₂O₂ before and after standard treatment for asthma attack were compared with those of controls and with clinical observation. Asthmatic children and controls underwent spirometry and skin prick tests to common aeroallergens. Results: Exhaled H₂O₂ concentrations were significantly higher in children with asthma both before (median 0.273 µm; p < 0.001) and after pharmacologic treatment (median 0.303 µm; p = 0.001) compared to control values (median 0.045 µm). After treatment, exhaled H₂O₂ concentrations remained significantly higher in children with and without auscultatory wheezing than in controls (p = 0.034 and p < 0.001, respectively). EBC H₂O₂ levels in asthmatics before treatment did not differ from those after treatment. No correlation was found between H₂O₂ and forced expiratory volume in 1 s values. All asthmatics but one were atopics. Conclusions: In children with acute asthma exacerbation, exhaled H₂O₂ concentrations in EBC are significantly elevated. In the short-term follow-up, H₂O₂ levels remain at high levels and are not correlated with lung function or improvement in symptoms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Hydrogen Peroxide in Exhaled Breath Condensate in Asthmatic Children during Acute Exacerbation and after Treatment

Caffarelli

Calcinai²,

Rinaldi

et al. 2012

Respiration

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“…Similar issues are described by Doniec and co-workers who studied effects of passive smoking on EBC H 2 O 2 in 9 year old children [34]. They were unable to demonstrate a difference in EBC H 2 O 2 between exposed and non-exposed children, though commented that low sensitivity of the assay, and wide spread of measured concentrations of H 2 O 2 might mask subtle effects on airway inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The effect of ambient air pollution on respiratory health of school children: a panel study

et al. 2008

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“…After a 1h experimental exposure to ETS, healthy young adults had significantly higher levels of H 2 O 2 in EBC (Kostikas et al, 2013). In another study, healthy children who had one or two parents who were smokers did not have significantly higher levels of H 2 O 2 in EBC when compared to children who were not exposed to ETS (Doniec et al, 2005). BC exposure might also be the more important contributor to oxidative stress, explaining the lack of any statically significant association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic airborne black carbon levels and 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate among children in New York City

Rosa

Yan

Chillrud

et al. 2014

Environmental Research

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Background Exposure to airborne black carbon (BC) has been associated with asthma development, respiratory symptoms and decrements in lung function. However, the mechanism through which BC may lead to respiratory symptoms has not been completely elucidated. Oxidative stress has been suggested as a potential mechanism through which BC might lead to adverse health outcomes. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) allows for the non-invasive collection of airway lining fluid containing biomarkers of oxidative stress like 8-isoprostane, a stable by-product of lipid peroxidation. Therefore, we sought to characterize the association between domestic airborne BC concentrations and 8-isoprostane in EBC. Materials and methods Seven- and eight-year-old children participated in an asthma case–control study in New York City. During home visits, air samples and EBC were collected. Seven day averages of domestic levels of particulate matter <2.5 µm (PM2.5), BC and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) were measured. Urea and 8-isoprostane were measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) in EBC. Results In univariate models, PM2.5 and BC, but not ETS, were significantly associated with increases in 8-isoprostane in the EBC (β = 0.006 and β = 0.106 respectively, p < 0.05 for both). These associations remained statistically significant for both PM2.5 and BC after adjustment for covariates. In a co-pollutant model including PM2.5, BC and ETS, only BC remained a statistically significant predictor of 8-isoprostane (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings suggest the BC fraction of PM might contain exposure relevant to increased oxidative stress in the airways.

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Passive smoking does not increase hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in exhaled breath condensate in 9-year-old healthy children

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Hydrogen Peroxide in Exhaled Breath Condensate in Asthmatic Children during Acute Exacerbation and after Treatment

Hydrogen Peroxide in Exhaled Breath Condensate in Asthmatic Children during Acute Exacerbation and after Treatment

The effect of ambient air pollution on respiratory health of school children: a panel study

Domestic airborne black carbon levels and 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate among children in New York City

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