Path Loss Modeling for Vehicular System Performance and Communication Protocols Evaluation

Abstract

ValeroAbstract Vehicular communications are receiving considerable attention due to the introduction of the intelligent transportation system (ITS) concept, enabling smart and intelligent driving technologies and applications. To design, evaluate and optimize ITS applications and services oriented to improve vehicular safety, but also non-safety applications based on wireless systems, the knowledge of the propagation channel is vital. In particular, the mean path loss is one of the most important parameters used in the link budget, being a measure of the channel quality and limiting the maximum allowed distance between the transmitter (Tx) and the receiver (Rx). From a narrowband vehicular-to-vehicular (V2V) channel measurement campaign carried out at 5.9 GHz in three different urban environments characterized by high traffic density, this paper analyzes the path loss in terms of the Tx-Rx separation distance and fading statistics. Based on a linear slope model, values for the path loss exponent and the standard deviation of shadowing are reported. We have evaluated the packet error rate (PER) and the maximum achievable Tx-Rx separation distance for a PER threshold level of 10% according to the digital short-range communications (DSRC) specifications. The results reported here can be incorporated in an easy way to vehicular networks (VANETs) simulators in order to develop, evaluate and validate new protocols and systems architecture configurations under realistic propagation conditions.

Path loss characterization in vehicular environments under LOS and NLOS conditions at 5.9 GHz

“…For each subpath measured, a linear relationship between the path loss, expressed in dB, and the logarithmic of the Tx-Rx separation distance can be established, in the same manner that the traditional fix-to-mobile (F2M) channels. Then the path loss, denoted by P L, is estimated by the following linear model [2,6]:…”

“…In Europe, the European Telecommunication Standard Institute (ETSI) adopted the DSRC band for ITS applications assigning 50 MHz (from 5.875 GHz to 5.925 GHz). The special features of both safety and non-safety applications require to develop and implement new communication technologies, where one of the many challenges to be address is the characterization and modeling of the vehicular propagation channel [2][3][4][5][6]. Thus, the vehicular channel is at present an important area in channel modeling.…”

Path Loss Characterization for Vehicular Communications at 700 MHz and 5.9 GHz Under LOS and NLOS Conditions

“…Different works related to experimental vehicular channel measurements have established a linear relationship between the path loss and the Tx-Rx separation distance [4], [11], [13]. This is a simplified path loss modeling but very accurate, which is suitable and easily integrated into VANETs simulators.…”

A Game Theory Based Approach for Power Efficient Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

“…The experimental vehicular channel measurement is used to estimate the path loss. A linear relationship between the path loss and the distance between sender and receiver V is discussed by [34][35][36]. Therefore, this path loss model is simplified but very accurate; it is expressed as follows:…”