Path Loss Models for V2V mmWave Communication: Performance Evaluation and Open Challenges

Giordani, Marco; Shimizu, Takayuki; Zanella, Andréa; Higuchi, Tetsuya; Altintas, Onur; Zorzi, Michele

doi:10.1109/cavs.2019.8887792

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In [43,44], He et al proposed a geometric multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model for mm-Wave mobile-to-mobile (M2M) applications based on the two-ring reference model. Giordani et al [45] validated the channel model that the 3GPP has proposed for NR-V2X systems. He et al [46] also validated a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) channel model given by 3GPP using ray-tracing simulator with 3D environment by OpenStreetMap.…”

Section: Mm-wave V2x Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Game for Content Cache in a mm-Wave-Based Vehicular Fog

Kim

2020

Electronics

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Vehicular fog computing is attractive for sharing computing resources and data for safety and infortainment of self-driving cars. Recently, the V2X communication technology using mm-Wave frequency spectrum accelerates such future mobile computing with large bandwidth and beam-forming using a directional antenna. Although the beam-forming technique requires a complicate procedure for beam alignment, it can reduce mutual interference by spatial diversity. From the beam-forming scheduling, the vehicular fog can improve network performance, which is limited by data locations. Beams toward a vehicle for the same content should be scheduled in the time domain. Instead, we propose to replicate the content to multiple vehicles nearby to diversify beam directions. However, it is a challenge for vehicles to cache the content because the content caching costs not only limited local storage, but data transmission for other vehicles. For this, we adopt evolutionary game theory in which vehicles learn an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) from repeated games and maximize social utility. In this paper, we contribute to modeling a road segmentation for the mm-Wave V2X communication in order to derive connectivity probability with distributed content caches for the vehicular fog, and centralized and distributed algorithms for the evolutionary content cache game. From experiments, we confirm that content cache can improve V2X connectivity and the proposed evolution algorithm leads vehicles to choose the ESS for the content cache in the vehicular fog.

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Section: Mm-wave V2x Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Game for Content Cache in a mm-Wave-Based Vehicular Fog

Kim

2020

Electronics

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“…So far, the channel characteristics of mmWave V2X have been known better, because considerable propagation measurements at 28/30/60/63/73 GHz were carried out under different vehicular scenarios (urban/highway) [28]- [30]. The influences by blockage, shadowing, foliage effect, etc were individually or jointly investigated [31]- [34]. Va et al surveyed the state-of-the-art in modeling for mmWave vehicular channels [35].…”

Section: A Mmwave Technologies For V2xmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Safe Automated Driving: Design of Software-Defined Dynamic MmWave V2X Networks and PoC Implementation

Tao

Fukatsu

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Veh. Technol.

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“…In wireless communications, the intensity of radio waves over distance obeys the inversesquare law in free space. In a high mobile non free space vehicular network, the signal can be reflected, scattered or absorbed by objects in the propagation environment, for which probabilistic, deterministic models are available [49]- [51].…”

Section: A Affinity Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust, Resilient and Reliable Architecture for V2X Communications

Khan

Ghosh

Busari

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst.

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The new developments in mobile edge computing (MEC) and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications has positioned 5G and beyond in a strong position to answer the market need towards future emerging intelligent transportation systems and smart city applications. The major attractive features of V2X communication is the inherent ability to adapt to any type of network, device, or data, and to ensure robustness, resilience and reliability of the network, which is challenging to realize. In this work, we propose to drive these further these features by proposing a novel robust, resilient and reliable architecture for V2X communication based on harnessing MEC and blockchain technology. A three stage computing service is proposed. Firstly, a hierarchcial computing architecture is deployed spanning over the vehicular network that constitutes cloud computing (CC), edge computing (EC), fog computing (FC) nodes. The resources and data bases can migrate from the high capacity cloud services (furthest away from the individual node of the network) to the edge (medium) and low level fog node, according to computing service requirements. Secondly, the resource allocation filters the data according to its significance, and rank the nodes according to their usability, and selects the network technology according to their physical channel characteristics. Thirdly, we propose a blockchain-based transaction service that ensures reliability. We discussed two use cases for experimental analysis, plugin electric vehicles in smart grid scenarios, and massive IoT data services for autonomous cars. The results show that car connectivity prediction is accurate 98% of the times, where 92% more data blocks are added using micro-blockchain solution compared to the public blockchain, where it is able to reduce the time to sign and compute the proof-of-work (PoW), and deliver a low-overhead Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism. This approach can be considered a strong candidate architecture for future V2X, and with more general application for everythingto-everything (X2X) communications.

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Path Loss Models for V2V mmWave Communication: Performance Evaluation and Open Challenges

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

Evolutionary Game for Content Cache in a mm-Wave-Based Vehicular Fog

Evolutionary Game for Content Cache in a mm-Wave-Based Vehicular Fog

Towards Safe Automated Driving: Design of Software-Defined Dynamic MmWave V2X Networks and PoC Implementation

Robust, Resilient and Reliable Architecture for V2X Communications

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