Pathogen induced disturbance and succession in temperate forests: Evidence from a 100-year data set in southern Sweden

Brunet, Jörg; Bukina, Yulia; Hedwall, Per‐Ola; Holmström, Emma; Oheimb, Goddert von

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2014.02.002

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fajvan & Wood (1996) report that the death of mature canopy oak trees following defoliation by Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) resulted in increases in subdominant Acer rubrum (red maples) and Acer saccharum (sugar maples). Likewise, since the late 1980s, high mortality due to Dutch elm disease in a temperate Swedish forest has led to increases in species such as F. excelsior and F. sylvatica (Brunet et al 2014). The main 'winners' in our study were A. pseudoplatanus and the 'rare canopy' species, both of which increased in population size and BA, especially when F. excelsior mortality was high.…”

Section: Y N a M I C S O F R E M A I N I N G S P E C I E Smentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Likewise, since the late 1980s, high mortality due to Dutch elm disease in a temperate Swedish forest has led to increases in species such as F. excelsior and F. sylvatica (Brunet et al . ). The main ‘winners’ in our study were A. pseudoplatanus and the ‘rare canopy’ species, both of which increased in population size and BA, especially when F. excelsior mortality was high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Forest community response to invasive pathogens: the case of ash dieback in a British woodland

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Large‐scale mortality events in forests are increasing in frequency and intensity and can lead to both intermediate‐ and long‐term changes in these systems. Specialist pests and pathogens are unique disturbances, as they commonly target individual species that are relatively prevalent in the community. Understanding the consequences of pathogen‐caused mortality requires using sometimes limited available data to create statistical models that can forecast future community states. In the last two decades, ash dieback disease has swept through Europe causing widespread mortality of Fraxinus excelsior L. (European ash) across much of its distribution. In the UK, F. excelsior is an abundant and ecologically important species. Using demographic data from an 18 ha plot in Wytham Woods, Oxfordshire, we built models that forecast the response of this forest plot to the loss of F. excelsior. We combine integral projection models and individual‐based models to link models of growth, survival and fecundity to population dynamics. We demonstrate likely responses in Wytham by comparing projections under different levels of F. excelsior mortality. To extrapolate results to other systems, we test hypotheses regarding the role of abundance, spatial structure and demographic differences between species in determining community response to disease disturbance. We show that the outcome of succession is determined largely by the differing demographic strategies and starting abundances of competing species. Spatial associations between species were shown to have little effect on community dynamics at the spatial scale of this plot. Synthesis. Host‐specific pests and pathogens are an increasingly important type of disturbance. We have developed a framework that makes use of forest inventory data to forecast changes in the population dynamics of remaining species and the consequences for community structure. We use our framework to predict how a typical British woodland will respond to ash dieback disease and show how vital rates, spatial structure and abundance impact the community response to the loss of a key species.

show abstract

Section: Y N a M I C S O F R E M A I N I N G S P E C I E Smentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Forest community response to invasive pathogens: the case of ash dieback in a British woodland

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Closed forest conditions are known to favour U. glabra (Götmark, Fridman, Kempe, & Norden, ). Repeat surveys in southern Sweden since 1909 showed that wych elm numbers increased at the expense of the less‐shade‐tolerant Quercus robur , and the trend was only reversed after 1970 with the advent of DED opening up the stands (Brunet, Bukina, Hedwall, Holmström, & von Oheimb, ; Brunet, Hedwall, Holmström, & Wahlgren, ). However, elm was still the most abundant species in the upper shrub layer in 2011 with a mean cover of 25%.…”

Section: Response To Biotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ulmus glabra

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Ulmus glabraHudson (wych elm) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation.2. Ulmus glabra is a large forest tree, and often an important canopy tree in ancient and semi-natural woodlands. It is primarily native to the north and west of Britain and much of mainland Europe. It is the only elm native to Ireland. It is the most distinct of the British elms in that it rarely suckers and sets abundant viable seed.Although found on limestone screes and cliffs, and hedgerows, it is primarily a woodland tree, especially on moist, basic soils. In many secondary woodlands, it often co-occurs with Acer pseudoplatanus and has ecological needs that are similar to Fraxinus excelsior. 3.Ulmus glabra has clusters of c. 25 hermaphrodite flowers appearing before the leaves on previous year's growth. Seeds are wind-dispersed, falling in April to July, but remain viable for only a few days. Nevertheless, seedling establishment can be abundant. Hybridisation with other northern European elms is common but hybrids are notoriously difficult to identify and therefore probably under-recorded.4. The health and survival of wych elm in Europe has been seriously compromised since the 1970s due to Dutch elm disease caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novoulmi, transmitted by elm bark beetles (Scolytus spp.). To the south of its Scottish stronghold, many elms are reduced to small trees regrowing from basal sprouts or seeds. These trees tend to be reinfected once trunk diameter exceeds 10 cm.Fortunately for its long-term survival, seed production usually begins a number of years before they are reinfected.

show abstract

“…Gap-creation will increase the light availability in the understory, which may favour oak regeneration through higher seedling establishment and growth, and increased growth of advance regeneration (Brudvig and Asbjornsen, 2009;Johnson et al, 2009). Oak regeneration can also be induced by other disturbances that reduce competition from other vegetation, such as understory removal (Lorimer et al, 1994), surface fire (van Lear and Watt, 1993) and diseases (Brunet et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclosures can favour natural regeneration of oak after conservation-oriented thinning in mixed forests in Sweden: A 10-year study

Leonardsson

Löf

Götmark

2015

Forest Ecology and Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pathogen induced disturbance and succession in temperate forests: Evidence from a 100-year data set in southern Sweden

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Forest community response to invasive pathogens: the case of ash dieback in a British woodland

Forest community response to invasive pathogens: the case of ash dieback in a British woodland

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ulmus glabra

Exclosures can favour natural regeneration of oak after conservation-oriented thinning in mixed forests in Sweden: A 10-year study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About