2014
DOI: 10.1155/2014/674709
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Pathogenesis of Chronic Urticaria: An Overview

Abstract: The pathogenesis of chronic urticaria is not well delineated and the treatment is palliative as it is not tied to the pathomechanism. The centrality of mast cells and their inappropriate activation and degranulation as the key pathophysiological event are well established. The triggering stimuli and the complexity of effector mechanisms remain speculative. Autoimmune origin of chronic urticaria, albeit controversial, is well documented. Numerical and behavioral alterations in basophils accompanied by changes i… Show more

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Cited by 83 publications
(99 citation statements)
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“…It is well established that thrombin enhances vascular permeability, and activates and degranulates mast cells, thus generating anaphylatoxin C5a [21]. …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is well established that thrombin enhances vascular permeability, and activates and degranulates mast cells, thus generating anaphylatoxin C5a [21]. …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The autologous serum skin test (ASST) is a simple screening tool able to detect autoreactivity related to the presence of circulating histamine-releasing factors of any type, and not only of functional autoantibodies (1). Current evidence supports the possible contribution of other pathomechanisms, including the dysregulation of intracellular signalling pathways in basophils and mast cells, an abnormal innate immunity response, and the simultaneous activation of inflammatory response and coagulation system (2)(3)(4). With regard to the last aspect in more detail, significantly increased circulating levels of inflammatory markers [such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6], fibrin degradation products and D-dimer have been associated with the active phase of CSU, in correlation with disease severity (5).…”
Section: Chronic Spontaneous Urticariamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The presence of persistent activation of dermal mast cells is a hallmark of CSU pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms of mast cell activation are an enigma 118. Urticarial wheals are characterized by dermal edema, vasodilatation, and perivascular infiltrates comprising lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils 1819. Altered numbers and imbalanced cytokine production of T cells have also been reported in patients with CSU 2021…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%