Pathogenicity by Parenteral Injection of Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosion and Resistance to Reinfection in Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion in Chickens

Ono, Masaaki; Okuda, Yo; Shibata, Isao; Sato, Shizuo; Okada, Kōsuke

doi:10.1354/vp.41-5-483

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first in which AGE has been spread by horizontal transmission. The present PCR results support the findings of our previous study showing resistance to reinfection by AGE in chickens [14]. Various factors such as the pathogenicity of FAV and the breed and immune resistance of the infected chicken may affect the epidemiology of AGE outbreaks on broiler farms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Reproduction of Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion by the Horizontal Transmission of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 1

Ono

Okuda

Shibata

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The horizontal transmission ability of fowl adenovirus (FAV) serotype 1 99ZH strain, isolated from chickens exhibiting gizzard erosion, was investigated. Twelve 13-day-old specific pathogen-free chickens were inoculated orally with 10 6 TCID 50 /0.05 ml of the strain. An in-pen contact group (chickens in the same pen with inoculated chickens), hedge contact group (chickens in a pen connected with pens housing inoculated chickens), non-contact group (chickens in a separate pen placed at a distance of 70 cm from the connected pens), human exposure group (chickens in the next room and attended last every day) and negative control group were examined. Each group consisted of 11 or 12 uninoculated chickens. Gizzard lesions were grossly or histologically observed from 10 days after exposure (DAE) in the in-pen contact group, and from 15 DAE in the hedge contact and non-contact groups. The FAV gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction performed on cloacal swabs taken on 5 and 13 DAE from chickens in both contact groups, and on 20 and 26 DAE from those in the non-contact group. Serum neutralizing antibodies against FAV serotype 1 were detected in chickens from 13 and 26 DAE in both contact groups and in the non-contact group, respectively. In the human exposure and negative control groups, no infection was observed. We conclude that FAV-99ZH strain spreads rapidly through direct contact with inoculated chickens, and slowly through non-contact transmission, and that adenoviral gizzard erosion is reproduced by this horizontal transmission.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Reproduction of Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion by the Horizontal Transmission of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 1

Ono

Okuda

Shibata

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…The results of the challenge experiment seem significantly different from the study in which the experimental intraocular and intranasal infection of SPF chickens using Japanese 99ZH isolate did not induce clinical signs or mortality and the only lesions occurred in the gizzards of infected chickens, irrespective of their age Ono et al, 2004). What is more, depression and anorexia were observed in a few birds following parenteral inoculation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Molecular characterization of fowl adenoviruses isolated from chickens with gizzard erosions

et al. 2011

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Broiler chickens with clinical signs of uneven growth, depression, and dull feathers were submitted to our laboratory and, at necropsy, lesions in proventriculus, gizzard, and intestines were detected. Fowl adenovirus serotype 1 (FAdV-1) was isolated from digestive tissues. The virus, assigned as FAdV-PL/G068/08, showed 99.5% nucleotide homology and 99.2% amino acid homology in hexon gene with chicken embryo lethal orphan (CELO) strain classified as the European reference of FAdV-1. One-day-old and 21-d-old SPF chickens were inoculated with FAdV-PL/068/08 by both nasal and ocular routes and then observed daily and examined by necropsy at 6, 10, and 14 d postinoculation. Experimental infection with isolated virus was fatal for younger chickens and major lesions occurred in the gizzards. No clinical or pathological changes were observed in chickens infected at 21 d of age, but the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies in gizzard epithelial cells was detected. Molecular characterization was based on the long and short fibers genes sequencing and comparison of obtained sequences with other FAdV-1 strains. The homology between FAdV-PL/G068/08 and other sequences available in GenBank was between 98.9 and 99.8% (short fiber region) and 99.0 and 99.7% (long fiber region) at nucleotide level and between 98.4 and 100% (short fiber region) and 99.3 and 99.9% (long fiber region) at amino acid level. No correlation between identified amino acid changes in short and long fiber proteins and pathogenicity of studied FAdV-1 strains was observed. Although short and long proteins were indicated as factors influencing virus pathogenicity, the role of identified sequence differences in infectivity determination remain unclear.

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“…Most of the FAV isolates from the gizzard lesions were serotype 1, but a few were serotype 8 [8,15]. The gizzard lesions were reproduced in broiler and specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens by oral infection with the isolated FAVs [6][7][8]15]. However, some of the experimentally infected birds failed to show the gizzard lesions [5,15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions to Immuno-Suppressed Chickens

Muroga

Taharaguchi

Ohta

et al. 2006

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Pathogenicity of a fowl adenovirus (FAV), JM1/1 strain of serotype 1 derived from gizzard erosions of a broiler chicken, was examined to specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens pre-treated with infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDVs) or cyclophosphamide (CY). Virulent IBDVs, classical type, were inoculated orally at 3 days of age of SPF chickens. CY was treated subcutaniously for 3 days after hatch. FAV was given orally at 30 days of age. At 40 days of age, all chickens were bled and autopsied for serology and gross observation. Gizzard lesions were ranked by the scores depending on their severities. IBDV-or CY-treated chickens showed significantly higher gizzard lesion scores than non treated birds. There were no gross lesions in any other organs except for bursal atrophy. Serologically, antibody production against FAV was highly suppressed by IBDV infection or CY treatment. KEY WORDS: fowl adenovirus, gizzard erosion, immuno-suppression.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 68(3): 289-291, 2006 Recently, epizootic outbreaks of gizzard erosion in broiler flocks caused by fowl adenovirus infection have been reported in Japan [1,9,15]. Most of the FAV isolates from the gizzard lesions were serotype 1, but a few were serotype 8 [8,15]. The gizzard lesions were reproduced in broiler and specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens by oral infection with the isolated FAVs [6][7][8]15]. However, some of the experimentally infected birds failed to show the gizzard lesions [5,15]. On the other hand, FAV has been well known as an agent of inclusion body hepatitis, which was rather facilitated in immuno-deficient birds caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection [2,5]. In this study, the pathogenicity of FAV strain isolated from gizzard erosion to immuno-deficient chickens was investigated using IBDV-infected or cyclophosphamide (CY)-treated chickens. IBDV infects and destroys B-cells inducing suppression of antibody production. CY, which has been used as one of immunosuppressive reagents or anticancer drugs, destroys both B-and T-cells, and also suppresses macrophage-function.FAV, strain JM1/1 isolated from a slaughtered broiler chicken affected with gizzard erosion and identified as serotype 1 [15], was prepared by chicken kidney cell culture (CKC) at the 6th passage level. IBDVs, strains G691 and Ku-52, both were classical type of virulent virus [12], were of homogenate of bursa of Fabricius (BF) of SPF chickens infected with each virus. SPF chickens derived from the Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kumamoto) were used and reared in isolated rooms. Three experiments were conducted as shown in TCID 50 /bird. In each experiment, non-treated group was contained. On the last day of each experiment, 40 days of age, all chickens were bled, weighed and sacrificed by anesthesia with chloroform for dissection and main organs were observed grossly. Bursa of Fabricius (BF) was removed and weighed to calculate the ratio to body weight [(weight of BF / body weight) × 100]. Gross gizzard lesions were ranked by the scores...

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Pathogenicity by Parenteral Injection of Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosion and Resistance to Reinfection in Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion in Chickens

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Reproduction of Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion by the Horizontal Transmission of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 1

Reproduction of Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion by the Horizontal Transmission of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 1

Molecular characterization of fowl adenoviruses isolated from chickens with gizzard erosions

Pathogenicity of Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions to Immuno-Suppressed Chickens

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