Pathogenicity of fungi associated with Andropogon grass seeds

Santos, Patrícia Resplandes Rocha dos; Mourão, Dalmarcia de Souza Carlos; Dalcin, Mateus Sunti; Osório, Pedro Raymundo Argüelles; Lima, Fábia Silva de Oliveira; Santos, Gil Rodrigues dos

doi:10.1007/s42161-022-01038-w

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These toxins damage membranes, which trigger systemic responses in plants that ultimately result in cell death. Bipolaris/Curvularia fungi are phytopathogens of various plants, particularly grasses ( Dos Santos et al., 2022 ; Gilardi et al, 2022 ; Ferdinandez et al., 2021 ). They are known to cause devastating epidemics globally in economically important food crops (such as wheat, rice, and corn) ( Berbee, Pirseyedi & Hubbard, 1999 ; Scheffer, 1997 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphoanatomy of Serjania erecta Radlk (Sapindaceae) provides evidence of biotrophic interactions by endophytic fungi within leaves

Freitas,

Faria,

Silva

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Background The leaves of Serjania erecta Radlk (Sapindaceae) are renowned in ethnobotany for their medicinal properties and are significant as a medicinal resource for traditional Brazilian communities. As necrotic spots are common on these leaves, indicating interaction with phytopathogenic fungi, it was hypothesized that biotrophic fungal species colonize the leaf tissues of S. erecta. Methods To test this hypothesis, we employed standard techniques in plant anatomy, which enabled us to investigate the interaction of fungal structures with plant tissues and describe the morphoanatomical and histochemical characteristics of the epidermis and limbus of S. erecta. Results The anatomical analysis showed the existence of leaf teeth on the leaf tips. Additionally, hyphae, conidiospores, and spores of Bipolaris/Curvularia species were detected on the adaxial epidermis. Moreover, melanized microsclerotia were found in glandular areas of the leaf teeth and the phloem, providing evidence of biotrophic behavior. The hypothesis that biotrophic phytopathogenic fungi interact with S. erecta leaf tissues was confirmed, despite the presence of many bioactive compounds (such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and essential oils), as evidenced by histochemical analyses. The presence of tector, glandular, and scabiform trichomes on the leaf teeth and epidermis was also revealed. This study presents, for the first time, the synthesis of essential oils and alkaloids in the leaves of S. erecta. Additionally, it investigates previously unexplained aspects of the anatomy and histochemistry of the species, as well as its interaction with resident microorganisms. Therefore, it is recommended that future research focus on extracting and characterizing the oils and alkaloids of S. erecta, as well as exploring other aspects related to its microbiome and its relationship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphoanatomy of Serjania erecta Radlk (Sapindaceae) provides evidence of biotrophic interactions by endophytic fungi within leaves

Freitas,

Faria,

Silva

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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“…The inoculation of the pathogen isolates was carried out 15 after the planting by applying a 6 mm diameter disc of mycelium of each isolate on the leaves, using a sterilized blade (dos Santos et al 2022). Inoculated seedlings were covered with a transparent plastic bag for 48h in a randomized block design.…”

Section: Antagonistic Effects Of Beauveria Bassiana Against Phytopath...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These three isolates ful lled the criteria of Koch's postulates. Fusarium has already been found in cowpea seed (da Silva et al 2016) and A. gayanus (dosSantos et al 2022). Species of the Fusarium genus inhibit the germination of seeds, attack the seedling, and necrotize the radicle(Biemond et al 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Antagonistic effects of Beauveria bassiana against seed-borne fungi of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

Pachoute,

Santos,

de Souza

2023

Preprint

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Cowpea is cultivated worldwide as a source of protein, but various factors limit its yield. Besides climatic challenges and pest attacks, farmers face pathogens to keep crop productivity. Fungi stood out among its main pathogens. They are generally transmitted by seeds and spread over a long distance through infected seeds. In this sense, this study aimed to assess the diversity of seed-borne fungi associated with cowpea and evaluate the antagonistic effect of B. bassiana on the phytopathogen fungi in vivo and in vitro. A seed health test was performed using the blotter test method. The isolated phytopathogens were molecularly identified and submitted to Koch's postulates. Antagonistic effects of B. bassiana against the pathogens were tested in vitro using the paired culture method and in vivo by inoculating the plant in greenhouse conditions. According to the seed health test result, besides saprophytes (Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Mucor), three pathogens fungi were identified (Fusarium sp., Alternaria aff. burnsii, Epicoccum sp.). In the antagonistic tests and in vitro assays, B. bassiana showed greater growth inhibition of Fusarium sp. isolate JP1. Alternaria burnsii isolate JP2 was inhibited from 18,54 to 35,67% and Epicoccum sp from 22,73 to 25,23%. The inoculation of the plants with B. bassiana reduced Fusarium symptoms to 58,33%, Alternaria aff. burnsii to 40,08%, Epicoccum sp. to 22,22%. This report is the first to isolate Epicoccum sp. in cowpea seed in Brazil and its inhibition by B. bassiana.

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“…A. gayanus kunth and P. pedicellatum Trin particularly have become abundant in some areas. They are regarded among the important abundant grasses in Burkina Faso because they have high reproductive output and high dispersal ability (Grice et al 2013;dos Santos et al 2022;Ojo et al 2022). Moreover, A. Gayanus is a C4 perennial tufted or bunch grass that grows up to 3 m high (Baruch 1994) and possesses several positive characteristics: It exhibits higher photosynthetic efficiency and nutrient uptake (Setterfield et al 2010;Zhang et al 2022)owing to its ease of establishment, fast growth rate, high productivity, resilience and long growing season (Adams and Setterfield 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the competitive ability of the invader Senna obtusifolia with coexisting natives species under different water stress regimes

et al. 2022

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Invasive species tend to pose a threat to ecosystem biodiversity, functioning, and ecosystem service provision. This study was conducted in Burkina Faso to assess the competitiveness of an invasive species Senna obtusifolia that is a less palatable legume plant in West African Sahelian rangelands. To address the research hypothesis that the recurrent drought in the Sahel results in S. obtusifolia being more competitive in the land invasion, we conducted an interspecific competition involving S. obtusifolia and 3 herbaceous species (Andropogon gayanus, Chamaecrista mimosoides, and Pennisetum pedicellatum) in a greenhouse experiment under four water stress regimes using a replacement series design. The height and biomass of each species were measured throughout four months experiment. In the severe water regime, S. obtusifolia was the most sensitive to water deficit while the 3 other species were found to be resistant. In addition, in all water regimes, the aggressivity index revealed that S. obtusifolia was less competitive than the grass species A. gayanus and P. pedicellatum. Further, the study discovered that drought in the Sahel made S. obtusifolia more vulnerable than the other species. Hence the invasion of Sahelian rangelands by S. obtusifolia could be favored by overgrazing that reduces fodder species' dominance and competitiveness. Good management of sahelian rangelands by controlling grazing could help to reduce S. obtusifolia invasion and provide more fodder for livestock.

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Pathogenicity of fungi associated with Andropogon grass seeds

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

The morphoanatomy of Serjania erecta Radlk (Sapindaceae) provides evidence of biotrophic interactions by endophytic fungi within leaves

The morphoanatomy of Serjania erecta Radlk (Sapindaceae) provides evidence of biotrophic interactions by endophytic fungi within leaves

Antagonistic effects of Beauveria bassiana against seed-borne fungi of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

Assessing the competitive ability of the invader Senna obtusifolia with coexisting natives species under different water stress regimes

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