The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of lemon grass, citronella grass, Mexican-tea and noni essential oils on urediniospore germination of Olivea neotectonae, the agent responsible for rust in Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.); to evaluate the phytotoxic effect of these essential oils on teak seedlings; and to evaluate the use of essential oils to control rust in teak plants when preventively and curatively applied. We found that the noni and lemon grass essential oils inhibited 100% of urediniospore germination. On the other hand, the essential oils from noni and lemon grass caused phytotoxicity when applied to seedlings at concentrations of 2000 and 1500 μL L-1 , respectively. The major constituents found in lemon grass essential oil were Geranial and Neral, while Octanoic Acid was found in noni oil. Lower values in the area below the rust progress curve were observed with the preventive application of lemon grass and noni essential oils.
A utilização de óleos essenciais tem sido usado como uma alternativa no controle de doenças e pragas pode ser uma alternativa viável. Na cultura da manga, a antracnose é considerada a principal doença por causar prejuízos na produtividade e qualidade dos frutos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a utilização de óleo essencial de noni no controle preventivo e curativo da antracnose da mangueira. O fungo fitopatogênico foi obtido a partir do isolamento de lesões características de plantas de manga. O óleo essencial foi obtido a partir de frutos maduros de noni (Morinda citrifolia L.). Os bioensaios in vitro foram realizados testando-se diferentes concentrações do óleo essencial. Para o teste de fitotoxicidade foi utilizado cinco concentrações diferentes de óleo essencial de noni. O teste de controle preventivo foi instalado aplicando-se por meio de um borrifador manual. Também foi realizado o teste curativo. O óleo essencial de noni têm efeito inibitório no crescimento micelial da antracnose (C. gloeosporioides) in vitro em folhas de manga. Os sintomas de fitotoxicidade foram observados nas folhas de manga em doses de óleo de noni maior que 2,0%. A aplicação curativa do óleo de noni proporcionou controle parcial da doença. Na forma preventiva o uso de óleo de noni é mais eficiente que a curativa no controle da antracnose em plantas de manga. A aplicação do fungicida proporcionou eficiência de controle preventivo e curativo semelhante ao óleo de noni, demonstrando que o controle natural pode ser uma ótima opção de uso no manejo de doenças em plantas.
The objective of this work was to associate the use of biofilms to Lippia sidoides (Lippia) and Morinda citrifolia (Noni) essential oils and their respective major constituents in post-harvest quality components. The evaluations in this study were chromatographic analysis the essential oils, fruit mass reduction effect, total soluble solids, peel color and fruit firmness. Regarding the adjustment and viability of the essential oil concentrations to be used in the treatments, a phytotoxicity test was performed. The main constituent found in Noni essential oil was octanoic acid, while for Lippia essential oil was thymol. The concentration of 3% of Noni and Lippia essential oils was the maximum to reach an acceptable level of phytotoxicity on papaya fruit peel. The paraffin + L. sidoides and paraffin + M. citrifolia treatments achieved the lowest reduction in pulp mass. In relation to total soluble solids, treatments did not show a significant difference. The best result for firmness was found in sunflower oil + noni coating. Sunflower oil + noni and sunflower oil + octanoic acid were the treatments that maintained normal yellow color in fruits for longer time.
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