Pathogenicity of Fungi Associated with the Wheat Crown Rot Complex in Oregon and Washington

Smiley, Richard W.; Gourlie, Jennifer A.; Easley, Sandra A.; Patterson, Lisa-Marie

doi:10.1094/pd-89-0949

Cited by 95 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Solarized disease-free field soil (53.6% clay, 21.5% silt, 24.9% sand, and pH 7.2), fermented cow manure, and a sand mixture (1:1/2:1/2 v/v/v) were added to the pots and watered, at which time 20 Adana-99 wheat seeds were placed onto the soil surface. The seeds were covered with 1 cm of soil, 10 g of inoculum was mixed into this layer, and additional soil was added again to cover the inoculum (Dodman et al, 1985;Smiley et al, 2005). The entire pot was moistened by the addition of water to the surface of the pot 7 days after inoculation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of wheat cultivars, fertilizers, and fungicides on Fusarium foot rot disease of wheat

Akgül¹,

Erkiliç²

2016

Turk J Agric For

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Fusarium culmorum is a principal causal agent of root, crown, and foot rot disease in the wheat-growing areas of Turkey. The effects of different fertilization practices, fungicide sprays, and cultivar reactions of 12 wheat varieties were investigated for disease development in greenhouse conditions in 2006-2007. The fertilizers used in the experiments significantly reduced disease by 27.5%-54.7% compared to the nonfertilized control. The plants fertilized with calcium ammonium nitrate (26% N) or composite NPK (15%, 15%, 15%) showed fewer disease symptoms than those fertilized with NPK (20%, 20%, 0%) in the presowing applications. On the other hand, foot rot severity was lower with ammonium nitrate (33% N) than urea (46% N) when applied as a supplement in the 25th and 45th growth stages of the Zadoks scale. Furthermore, fungicide sprays and seed dressing treatments also decreased foot rot symptoms. Seed treatment with tebuconazole lowered disease severity in the subcrown internode compared to the control and it was overall the most effective fungicide with 47.8% efficacy. When plants were sprayed with fluquinconazole, tebuconazole, or epoxyconazole + carbendazim (two times at Zadoks growth stages 31 and 45), disease severity decreased by 96.3%, 93.9%, and 91.0%, respectively. In the cultivar reaction tests, no stable or considerable tolerance was observed in the 12 wheat varieties against foot rot. It may be concluded from this study that fertilizer forms and fungicide preference can play an important role where Fusarium foot rot is the main problem in wheat-growing areas.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of wheat cultivars, fertilizers, and fungicides on Fusarium foot rot disease of wheat

Akgül¹,

Erkiliç²

2016

Turk J Agric For

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“…In the mid1980s, F. avenaceum was also isolated from lesioned SI of spring wheat sampled in Minnesota (Windels and Wiersma 1992), and was the most common species isolated from winter wheat crowns in southern Ontario (Hall and Sutton 1998). In greenhouse trials, F. avenaceum caused as much disease in winter wheat as F. culmorum or F. pseudograminearum O'Donnell & T. Aoki (Smiley et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Response of wheat root pathogens to crop management in eastern Saskatchewan

Fernandez¹,

Basnyat²,

Zentner³

2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2007. Response of common root rot in wheat to crop management in eastern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 953-963. A survey of common root rot in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (T. turgidum L. var. durum) crops was conducted in eastern Saskatchewan from 1999 to 2001 to investigate the association of agronomic practices with disease and fungal populations, in particular Fusarium species associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB), which is a disease of increasing importance in this region. Spring wheat preceded by summerfallow, or grown after a sequence that included summerfallow and a cereal crop, had increased levels of Cochliobolus sativus and lower levels of most Fusarium spp. in discoloured subcrown internodes. Cropping sequences that included at least one noncereal crop in the previous 2 yr resulted in higher percentage isolations of F. avenaceum and F. graminearum than sequences which did not include noncereal crops. Highest levels of F. avenaceum, the most common FHB pathogen in the province, were observed when the previous crop was a pulse. Tillage system effects depended on the previous crop. When wheat was preceded by an oilseed crop, C. sativus decreased as the number of tillage operations decreased, whereas F. avenaceum and Microdochium bolleyi increased with a reduction in tillage. Associations of fungal isolations with previous glyphosate use were negative for C. sativus and positive for F. avenaceum and M. bolleyi, although these effects varied depending on tillage system. Increased levels of important Fusarium pathogens were thus associated with current trends in production practices, namely continuously cropped diversified rotations and less reliance on mechanical soil tillage. Further investigation into the relative role of tillage intensity and glyphosate use versus cropping sequence on Fusarium populations in underground wheat tissue is needed. L'objectif était d'établir les liens existant entre les pratiques agricoles et la maladie ainsi que les populations de cryptogames, principalement les espèces du genre Fusarium associées à la brûlure de l'épi (BEF), maladie dont l'importance ne cesse de grandir dans cette région. La population de Cochliobolus sativus est plus élevée et celle de la majorité des espèces de Fusarium est plus faible dans les entrenoeuds situés sous le collet quand le blé de printemps est cultivé sur jachère estivale ou après un assolement incluant une culture céréalière et une jachère. On a isolé un plus grand nombre de F. avenaceum et de F. graminearum dans les assolements qui comprenaient au moins une autre culture que des céréales au cours des deux années antérieures que dans ceux n'incluant que des céréales. La plus forte concentration de F. avenaceum, microorganisme le plus souvent responsable de la BEF dans la province, a été relevée après culture d'une légumineuse. L'incidence des méthodes de travail du sol dépend de la culture antérieure. Quand un oléagineux précède la culture du blé, la population de C. sativus diminue avec le nombre d'op...

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“…The similarity in the symptoms is probably the reason for the C. sativus damaged seeds being determined as Fusarium damaged kernels in agricultural practice, because of common association of C. sativus with Fusarium species. Crown rot of wheat is caused by a complex including C. sativus, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. pseudograminearum, and M. nivale (Smiley et al 2005). C. sativus plays a significant role in the seedling damage (Gonzalez & Trevathan 2001) and in the occurrence of black point symptoms on barley kernels too (Prokinová 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sacc., Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Smith) Sacc., Fusarium pseudograminearum Schwabe, and Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels et Hallet (Smiley et al 2005). However, devastating epidemics of C. sativus are mainly reported from countries with warm climates Fernandez & Jefferson 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of fungi associated with wheat and barley seedling emergence and fungicide efficacy of seed treatment

Hudec

2007

Biologia

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Presented study focused on the influence of Cochliobolus sativus isolates origin on pathogenicity towards wheat and barley seedlings in comparison with pathogenicity of certain Fusarium species and Microdochium nivale. The efficacy of fungicide seed treatment against C. sativus was estimated. The C. sativus isolates were collected from different locations and were isolated from wheat, barley and sunflower seeds. The pathogenicity of C. sativus, Fusarium species and M. nivale towards germinating seedlings were expressed as germination (GA) retardation and coleoptile growth rate retardation (CGR). Of wheat only, the CGR was significantly influenced by the isolate origin. The C. sativus isolates obtained from sunflower seeds were the most aggressive. Of the barley seeds, the barley isolates were the most aggressive. Barley was significantly more susceptible to damage by C. sativus isolates than wheat. The pathogenicity of tested fungal species declined in the order: F. culmorum, F. graminearum, C. sativus, F. avenaceum, M. nivale, F. poae for both barley and wheat. The results highlighted high pathogenicity potential of C. sativus equal to that of F. avenaceum and M. nivale. The symptoms of C. sativus on coleoptile and roots were very similar or the same as the symptoms caused by Fusarium species and M. nivale, except of white, pink or red colours. Of wheat sprouts, the fungicide efficacy (FE) against C. sativus declined in the order: tebuconazole + thiram, carboxin + thiram, quazatine, difenoconazole, iprodione + triticonazole (in term of GA) and carboxin + thiram, iprodione + triticonazole, tebuconazole + thiram, difenoconazole, quazatine (in term of CGR). In barley, the FE declined in the order: carboxin + thiram, iprodione + triticonazole, tebuconazole + thiram, difenoconazole, quazatine (in term of GA) and carboxin + thiram, tebuconazole + thiram, difenoconazole, iprodione + triticonazole, quazatine (in term of CGR).

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Pathogenicity of Fungi Associated with the Wheat Crown Rot Complex in Oregon and Washington

Cited by 95 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of wheat cultivars, fertilizers, and fungicides on Fusarium foot rot disease of wheat

Effect of wheat cultivars, fertilizers, and fungicides on Fusarium foot rot disease of wheat

Response of wheat root pathogens to crop management in eastern Saskatchewan

Pathogenicity of fungi associated with wheat and barley seedling emergence and fungicide efficacy of seed treatment

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