Pathogens from Brazil for classical biocontrol of
            <i>Tradescantia fluminensis</i>
            .

Pereira, Olinto Liparini; Barreto, Robert W.; Waipara, Nick; Julien, M. H.; Sforza, R.; Bon, Marie‐Claude; Evans, H. C.; Hatcher, P. E.; Hinz, H. L.; Rector, B. G.

doi:10.1079/9781845935061.0195

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It is native to tropical rainforests and a persistent invasive weed of natural areas where it carpets the ground and prevents native regeneration. [ 1 ] TA has been used for treating gout and hyperuricemia as folklore remedies in Taiwan. Previous investigation on the whole plant of TA showed the presence of a variety of amides, apocarotenoids, aromatics, chlorophyll, flavonoid, steroids, triterpenoids, and other chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals from Tradescantia albiflora Kunth extracts reduce serum uric acid levels in oxonate-induced rats

et al. 2016

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Background:Tradescantia albiflora (TA) Kunth (Commelinaceae) has been used for treating gout and hyperuricemia as folklore remedies in Taiwan. Therefore, it is worthwhile to study the effect of TA extracts on lowering uric acid activity. The hypouricemic effects of TA extracts on potassium oxonate (PO)-induced acute hyperuricemia were investigated for the first time.Materials and Methods:All treatments at the same volume (1 ml) were orally administered to the abdominal cavity of PO-induced hyperuricemic rats. One milliliter of TA extract in n-hexane (HE), ethyl acetate (EA), n-butanol (BuOH), and water fractions has 0.28, 0.21, 0.28, and 1.03 mg TA, respectively; and the plasma uric acid (PUA) level was measured for a consecutive 4 h after administration.Results:All four fractions' extracts derived from TA were observed to significantly reduce PUA compared with the PO group. The EA-soluble fraction (TA-EA) exhibited the best xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. Following column chromatography, 12 phytochemicals were isolated and identified from the EA fraction. The IC50 values of isolated phytochemicals indicated that bracteanolide A (AR11) showed the remarkable XO inhibitory effect (IC50 value of 76.4 μg/ml). These findings showed that the in vivo hypouricemic effect in hyperuricemic rats was consistent with in vitro XO inhibitory activity, indicating that TA extracts and derived phytochemicals could be potential candidates as hypouricemic agents.SUMMARY Tradescantia albiflora extracts possess in vivo hypouricemic action in hyperuricemic ratsT. albiflora extracts exhibited strong inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase (XO)Butenolide may play an important role in XO inhibitionThe extract bracteanolide A was demonstrated potent XO inhibitory activity in vitro. Abbreviations used: TA: Tradescantia albiflora, PO: potassium oxonate, HE: n-hexane, EA: ethyl acetate, BuOH: n-butanol, PUA: plasma uric acid, XO: xanthine oxidase, MeOH: methanol, IP: intraperitoneal

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals from Tradescantia albiflora Kunth extracts reduce serum uric acid levels in oxonate-induced rats

et al. 2016

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“…A new species of Septoria is being evaluated for S. terebinthifolius in quarantine in Florida. Preliminary results of ongoing work at DFP/UFV on other weeds are presented in these proceedings (Faria et al, 2008;Macedo et al, 2008;Nechet et al, 2008;Pereira et al, 2008;Soares and Barreto, 2008;Vieira et al, 2008).…”

Section: Work At Dfp/ufv (Brazil)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Latin American weed biological control science at the crossroads.

Barreto¹

2008

Proceedings of the XII International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds, La Grande Motte, France, 22-27 April, 2007

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Latin America is the centre of origin of many of the invasive alien weeds threatening natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout the world. As a result, it has been an important destination for expeditions in search of natural enemies for their control. Unfortunately, the role of local scientists has been mainly that of contracted explorers, cooperating on projects aimed at exploration for classical biological control agents. This is changing as the need to confront the growing threat from alien weeds in Latin America gathers pace. Nevertheless, with limited funding and a continuing ignorance by both the general public and the decision makers about the scale of the invasive weed problem in Latin America, target selection will be critical since this will determine the long-term viability of biological control in the region. In the proactive, new role to develop biological control in Latin America, should 'easy' targets be selected, for which there has been success on other continents, or instead, should targets be more challenging, potentially confrontational, such as African grasses which threaten not only the stability of unique ecosystems but which could also have global consequences? These issues will be discussed based on experiences gained from past and present collaborative projects. Latin American weed biological control: historical backgroundLatin America, including the Caribbean in this paper, is the centre of origin of many of the invasive alien weed threatening systems throughout the world. For instance, 59 of the 209 worst weeds on a worldwide scale are native to Latin America (Cronk and Fuller, 1995). They include aquatic weeds such as water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms; alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.; capybara grass, Hymenachne aplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees; water lettuce, Pistia stratiotes L.; arrowhead, Sagittaria motevidensis Cham. and Schlecht.; and salvinia, Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell; and terrestrial weeds such as mistflower, Ageratina riparia (Regel) King and Robinson; Siam weed; Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson; lantana; Lantana camara L.; mile-a-minute Mikania micrantha H.B.K.; sensitive plant, Mimosa spp.; prickly pear, Opuntia spp.; strawberry guava, Psidium cattleianum Sabine; and Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi.Latin America has played a major role in weed biological control since its inception at the beginning of the 20th century. Two early pioneering projects were involved in transcontinental transfers of natural enemies aimed at L. camara and Opuntia vulgaris Miller.

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