Pathological Study of Effect of Short and Long-term Copper Sulfate Bath on Gill in Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella

Peyghan, Rahim; Oskoiizadeh, K.; Esmailzadeh, S.; Rasekh, A.

doi:10.33997/j.afs.2007.20.1.009

Cited by 4 publications

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“…the highest levels of T4 and T3 showed in the highest salinity 30 psu followed by the salinities (15, 7.5 and 1.5) psu respectively in all times, and this in agreement with many studies showed an increase in thyroid hormones with salinity increase like the study of McCormick and Saunders (1990) showed that in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) following acute exposure to seawater (30 ppt), plasma T4 increased 80 % in the first 6 hrs., declined to initial levels after 24 hrs., and remained stable for 18 days, there-after. Peyghan et al (2013) results showed that increasing water salinity can have significant effect on thyroid activity by decreasing T3 and increasing T4 level in serum of grass carp in experimental condition. Results of Movahedinia et al (2010) on A. latus held in different salinities indicated that thyroid hormone levels in plasma (T3) showed a small rise that quickly return to normal after 12 hrs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

A preliminary study on the effects of different salinities on some hormones level in serum of Yellow fin seabream Acanthopagrus latus fingerlings.

Al-Katrani

2022

MJMS

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A laboratory experiment was performed on fingerlings of Acanthopagrus latus to estimate the effect of direct transfer from the controlled salinity 1.5 psu to different salinities of (1.5, 7.5, 15, 30 and 45 psu) for periods of (6, 24, 48 and 96) hrs. for short term effect experiments. The following hormones (cortisol, prolactin, thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)) were determined in the serum of these fishes by ELISA technique after exposed to different salinities. Results of T4 and T3 were correlated directly with salinity increase, the (96 hrs.) of time was not enough to reach the stable state of these hormones at all salinities. The salinity 45 psu gave the lowest level of T3 (0.468) ng/ml and showed a sharp drift of T4 level at the time 24 hrs. (0.368) μg/dl, which indicated a breaking down of these hormones, and A. latus fingerlings were unable to sustain at this salinity. Prolactin hormone was correlated inversely with the salinity increase which means that there was ability of this hormone to acclimate in freshwater. Cortisol level was high in high and low salinities indicating its activity in freshwater and seawater environments. The study concludes that the four hormones (cortisol, prolactin, T4 and T3) in the blood serum of A. latus fingerlings showed a clear variations upon salinity changes in the short term effect experiment as a transit status reflecting the capability of these fingerlings to adapt to wide range of salinities vary from 1.5 psu to 30 psu, and the salinity 45 psu was out of its tolerance range.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

A preliminary study on the effects of different salinities on some hormones level in serum of Yellow fin seabream Acanthopagrus latus fingerlings.

Al-Katrani

2022

MJMS

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“…More recent experiments confirm the involvement of TH in salinity acclimation. Freshwater climbing perch ( Anabas testudineus ) and grass carps placed at a high salinity underwent a transient increase in plasma T4 levels [ 49 , 50 ]. In addition, gilthead seabreams living in high salinity habitats and switching to low salinity habitats had higher dio2 expression levels and higher free T4 and T3 levels than controls but, strikingly, did not show changes in TSH β levels.…”

Section: Salinity Acclimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological function of thyroid hormones

Zwahlen,

Gairin,

Vianello

et al. 2024

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Thyroid hormones (TH) are central hormonal regulators, orchestrating gene expression and complex biological processes vital for growth and reproduction in variable environments by triggering specific developmental processes in response to external cues. TH serve distinct roles in different species: inducing metamorphosis in amphibians or teleost fishes, governing metabolic processes in mammals, and acting as effectors of seasonality. These multifaceted roles raise questions about the underlying mechanisms of TH action. Recent evidence suggests a shared ecological role of TH across vertebrates, potentially extending to a significant portion of bilaterian species. According to this model, TH ensure that ontogenetic transitions align with environmental conditions, particularly in terms of energy expenditure, helping animals to match their ontogenetic transition with available resources. This alignment spans post-embryonic developmental transitions common to all vertebrates and more subtle adjustments during seasonal changes. The underlying logic of TH function is to synchronize transitions with the environment. This review briefly outlines the fundamental mechanisms of thyroid signalling and shows various ways in which animals use this hormonal system in natural environments. Lastly, we propose a model linking TH signalling, environmental conditions, ontogenetic trajectory and metabolism. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Endocrine responses to environmental variation: conceptual approaches and recent developments’.

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“…It is essential to recognise that the optimal salinity level varies for each sh species, affecting their growth and survival differently (Peyghan et al 2013; Elarabany et al 2017). The initial impact of salinity on sh is evident through osmotic adjustments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Prolonged Exposure to Salinity on Blood and Immune Parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)) Juveniles in Rearing Ponds

Bivareh,

Jafaryan

2024

Preprint

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Environmental and unfavourable circumstances significantly impact a fish's serum and blood biochemical parameters. The study examines the impact of long-term exposure to salinity stress on the blood and immune parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles weighing 80 grams in farms with three different salinity levels in Golestan province (Iran): 0.5 ppt (freshwater), 3 ppt (brackish water), and 18 ppt (saltwater). After being purchased and transferred to the farms, the juveniles were fed a commercially available salmon diet for five months. After the trial period ended, blood samples were obtained from 60 healthy fish, with each fish weighing 250 grams at each farm. The samples were subjected to centrifugation in order to separate the serum from the blood cells. The desired parameters were measured using conventional laboratory techniques. The results revealed significant differences in the levels of white blood cells (WBCs) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) among the three experimental groups (p < 0.05). The fish in seawater showed the highest white blood cell count (14300 ± 310 mm3) and immunoglobulin M (0.428 ± 0.007 g/l) values. Red blood cell counts (RBCs), haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (Hgb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), complement C3 and complement C4 were all significantly lower in fish raised in brackish water compared to fish raised in freshwater and saltwater (p < 0.05). These parameters did not show any significant differences between fish reared in freshwater and saltwater (p > 0.05). The levels of total protein, glucose, cortisol, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, uric acid, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, lipase, and amylase were significantly higher in fish raised in saltwater compared to fish raised in fresh and brackish waters (p < 0.05). Significantly elevated levels of calcium, phosphorus, chloride, iron, copper, zinc, and magnesium ions were detected in saltwater fish that were raised (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, the amounts of sodium and potassium exhibited no statistically significant variations across all treatments (p > 0.05). To summarize, this research emphasizes that rainbow trout, a euryhaline species, exhibit better growth and survival rates when reared in water with a salinity of 18 parts per thousand (ppt). Furthermore, this species exhibits enhanced resistance to stressors at this specific salinity level, resulting in a more favourable habitat since these indicators tend to return to their original values observed in freshwater.

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Pathological Study of Effect of Short and Long-term Copper Sulfate Bath on Gill in Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

A preliminary study on the effects of different salinities on some hormones level in serum of Yellow fin seabream Acanthopagrus latus fingerlings.

A preliminary study on the effects of different salinities on some hormones level in serum of Yellow fin seabream Acanthopagrus latus fingerlings.

The ecological function of thyroid hormones

Effects of Prolonged Exposure to Salinity on Blood and Immune Parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)) Juveniles in Rearing Ponds

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