Pathology and molecular characterization of Leucocytozoon caulleryi from backyard chickens in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand

Pohuang, Tawatchai; Jittimanee, Suphattra; Junnu, Sucheeva

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2021.2634-2639

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Reports in other galliform birds are absent. The parasite is virulent in domestic chickens, and the infection is often lethal in non-adapted chicken breeds [ 1 , 72 , 327 , 330 , 331 , 332 ]. Experimental studies have shown that a high degree of immunity develops in domestic chickens that survive acute infections.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Biology of Leucocytozoon Species (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae): Why Is There Slow Research Progress on Agents of Leucocytozoonosis?

Valkiūnas

Iezhova

2023

Microorganisms

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Blood parasites of the genus Leucocytozoon (Leucocytozoidae) only inhabit birds and represent a readily distinct evolutionary branch of the haemosporidians (Haemosporida, Apicomplexa). Some species cause pathology and even severe leucocytozoonosis in avian hosts, including poultry. The diversity of Leucocytozoon pathogens is remarkable, with over 1400 genetic lineages detected, most of which, however, have not been identified to the species level. At most, approximately 45 morphologically distinct species of Leucocytozoon have been described, but only a few have associated molecular data. This is unfortunate because basic information about named and morphologically recognized Leucocytozoon species is essential for a better understanding of phylogenetically closely related leucocytozoids that are known only by DNA sequence. Despite much research on haemosporidian parasites during the past 30 years, there has not been much progress in taxonomy, vectors, patterns of transmission, pathogenicity, and other aspects of the biology of these cosmopolitan bird pathogens. This study reviewed the available basic information on avian Leucocytozoon species, with particular attention to some obstacles that prevent progress to better understanding the biology of leucocytozoids. Major gaps in current Leucocytozoon species research are discussed, and possible approaches are suggested to resolve some issues that have limited practical parasitological studies of these pathogens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Biology of Leucocytozoon Species (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae): Why Is There Slow Research Progress on Agents of Leucocytozoonosis?

Valkiūnas

Iezhova

2023

Microorganisms

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“…Haemosporidian infections in domestic hens and wild birds have been expanding in Thailand [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. In the study by Pramual et al, [ 21 ] it was demonstrated that C. mahasarakhamense , C. guttifer , and C. huffi were infected with Leucocytozoon and two of P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Host Blood Meals and Detection of Blood Parasites in Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Collected from Phatthalung Province, Southern Thailand

Sunantaraporn

Hortiwakul

Kraivichian

et al. 2022

Insects

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Five hundred and fifty-nine female biting midges were collected, and seventeen species in six subgenera (Avaritia, Haemophoructus, Hoffmania, Meijerehelea, Remmia, and Trithecoides) and two groups (Clavipalpis and Shortti) were identified. The dominant Culicoides species was C. peregrinus (30.94%), followed by C. subgenus Trithecoides. From blood meal analysis of engorged biting midges, they were found to feed on cows, dogs, pigs, and avians. The majority of blood preferences of biting midges (68%; 49/72) displayed a mixed pattern of host blood DNA (cow and avian). The overall non-engorged biting midge field infectivity rate was 1.44 % (7/487). We detected Leucocytozoon sp. in three Culicoides specimens, one from each species: C. fulvus, C. oxystoma, and C. subgenus Trithecoides. Crithidia sp. was found in two C. peregrinus specimens, and Trypanosoma sp. and P. juxtanucleare were separately found in two C. guttifer. More consideration should be paid to the capacity of biting midges to transmit pathogens such as avian haemosporidian and trypanosomatid parasites. To demonstrate that these biting midges are natural vectors of trypanosomatid parasites, additional research must be conducted with a greater number of biting midges in other endemic regions.

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“…The L. caulleryi parasite is transmitted through the black fly ( Simuliidae ) and the biting midge ( Culicoides ) ( 21 , 41 ), which are widespread in Maha Sarakham ( 31 ). Recently, a study reported L. caulleryi -infected backyard chickens in Khon Kaen province ( 28 ), where the proximity to and border with Maha Sarakham indicated this parasite is endemic in this region. Such mixed amplification unforeseen in the protocol has previously occurred in samples from chickens from Myanmar, also because of the sequence similarity of the cytochrome b region between Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon ( 48 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of Plasmodium infection in fighting cocks in Thailand determined with a molecular method

Vaisusuk

Chatan

Seerintra

et al. 2022

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction Avian malaria caused by Plasmodium and the malaria-like parasites of the genus Haemoproteus has been regularly described in multiple regions worldwide. These parasites significantly affect many avian taxa, including domestic chickens and fighting cocks. There are limited epidemiological studies of these blood parasites in vertebrate hosts, especially in Thailand. Material and Methods This study used microscopic examination of blood samples and PCR amplification exploiting primers for nucleotide sequences of Plasmodium or Haemoproteus species based on the cytochrome b gene to determine the occurrence of Plasmodium spp. in fighting cocks. Results Examination of 249 blood samples of fighting cocks revealed that 41.37% (103/249) were positive for malaria by microscopic examination and 88.76% (221/249) were positive by DNA amplification. Sequencing and DNA analysis of 61 PCR products revealed that infection by Plasmodium juxtanucleare was the most common avian malaria in fighting cocks in Thailand followed by infections by Plasmodium gallinaceum; however, Haemoproteus infection was not discovered. Conclusions This study indicated that plasmodiasis is widespread in fighting cocks in Thailand although the prevalence was not clearly determined; therefore, prevention and control strategies for these protozoa should be improved, especially those for avoiding vector exposure and eliminating mosquito breeding sites.

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Pathology and molecular characterization of Leucocytozoon caulleryi from backyard chickens in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Insights into the Biology of Leucocytozoon Species (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae): Why Is There Slow Research Progress on Agents of Leucocytozoonosis?

Insights into the Biology of Leucocytozoon Species (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae): Why Is There Slow Research Progress on Agents of Leucocytozoonosis?

Molecular Identification of Host Blood Meals and Detection of Blood Parasites in Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Collected from Phatthalung Province, Southern Thailand

High prevalence of Plasmodium infection in fighting cocks in Thailand determined with a molecular method

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