Pathology at War 1914–1918: Germany and Britain in Comparison

Prüll, Cay‐Rüdiger

doi:10.1163/9789004333277_006

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…How did these compare with those provided by British pathologists, whose civilian practice bore considerable similarities to that of American pathologists, 30 and those provided by German pathologists, whose practice was very different? 31,32 A study comparing British and German pathology in WWI by German medical historian Cay-Rüdiger Prüll, PhD, provides some excellent insights. 31 Prüll 31 correctly notes that the British and Germans had ''very different traditions in Pathology.''…”

Section: Pathology Services Supporting the German And The British Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31,32 A study comparing British and German pathology in WWI by German medical historian Cay-Rüdiger Prüll, PhD, provides some excellent insights. 31 Prüll 31 correctly notes that the British and Germans had ''very different traditions in Pathology.'' (p131) The German tradition in pathology was still very heavily influenced by Rudolf Virchow, MD, the father of cellular pathology, and was almost entirely based on autopsy pathology; furthermore, it had evolved separately from the practice of clinical medicine.…”

Section: Pathology Services Supporting the German And The British Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…British pathology was overseen by Colonel Sir William Boog Leishman, MB, FRS, 34 the famous tropical medicine specialist who had helped Walter Reed develop a typhoid vaccine a decade earlier, whose interest was ''not so much to gain knowledge by working on the deceased but, rather, to provide direct assistance in the treatment of the living.'' 31(p135) Even after the war, German pathologists continued to do constitutional pathology research on dead soldiers; 31,32 for instance, in studies published in 1921, the authors concluded that dead soldiers with too many lymphocytes in their thymus (''status thymicolymphaticus'') ''represent an inferior human race. .…”

Section: Pathology Services Supporting the German And The British Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Support for the American Expeditionary Forces by the US Army Medical Corps During World War I

Wright¹,

Baskin

2015

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Historical research on pathology and laboratory medicine services in World War I has been limited. In the Spanish American War, these efforts were primarily focused on tropical diseases. World War I problems that could be addressed by pathology and laboratory medicine were strikingly different because of the new field of clinical pathology. Geographic differences, changing war tactics, and trench warfare created new issues.Objectives.-To describe the scope of pathology and laboratory medicine services in World War I and the value these services brought to the war effort.Methods.-Available primary and secondary sources related to American Expeditionary Forces' laboratory services were analyzed and contrasted with the British and German approaches.Results.-The United States entered the war in April

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Section: Pathology Services Supporting the German And The British Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathology Services Supporting the German And The British Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathology Services Supporting the German And The British Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Support for the American Expeditionary Forces by the US Army Medical Corps During World War I

Wright¹,

Baskin

2015

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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“…While this influx created resource, administrative, and humanitarian crises in the military realm, researchers greeted opportunities for studying human subjects in the camps with notable enthusiasm (Speed, , pp. 64–79; Prüll, ; Sachse & Walker, )…”

Section: Germany's Prisoners Of Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Voices of the People”: Linguistic Research Among Germany's Prisoners of War During World War I

Kaplan¹

2013

J History Behavioral Science

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This paper investigates the history of the Royal Prussian Phonographic Commission, a body that collected and archived linguistic, ethnographic, and anthropological data from prisoners-of-war (POWs) in Germany during World War I. Recent literature has analyzed the significance of this research for the rise of conservative physical anthropology. Taking a complementary approach, the essay charts new territory in seeking to understand how the prison-camp studies informed philology and linguistics specifically. I argue that recognizing philological commitments of the Phonographic Commission is essential to comprehending the project contextually. My approach reveals that linguists accommodated material and contemporary evidence to older text-based research models, sustaining dynamic theories of language. Through a case study based on the Iranian philologist F. C. Andreas (1846-1930), the paper ultimately argues that linguistics merits greater recognition in the historiography of the behavioral sciences.

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“…Complex historical issues of specialization, which were not readily apparent in earlier wartime medical organizations, were important elements of this expansion. 4,66,68,78 In this report I will outline the buildup of the sophisticated treatment of PNIs during World War I, even though these injuries seemed unlikely candidates for attention during a global war. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of military medical care for peripheral nerve injuries during World War I

Hanigan

2010

FOC

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Neurosurg Focus 28 (5):E24, 2010 1The re-growth of a severed nerve is a romance. It is, perhaps the most beautiful example of Nature's power of repair, but it cannot be hastened by artificial means. It is a very delicate process, easily arrested or retarded: it follows certain natural laws, which take a long time to work out. After the surgeon has removed the obstacles, which forbid Nature to begin her beneficent work, all that he can do is stand on guard to see that nothing shall be allowed to interfere with Nature. Sir robert JoneS 33Sir Robert Jones, a respected British orthopedic sur geon and beloved teacher, waxed eloquent about the pe ripheral nerve in 1918. By this time, the central role of PNIs to his concept of comprehensive management of war injuries was apparent to the casualty, medical officer, War Office, and government; in fact, all the stakehold ers in military medicine. Complex historical issues of specialization, which were not readily apparent in earlier wartime medical organizations, were important elements of this expansion. 4,66,68,78 In this report I will outline the buildup of the sophisticated treatment of PNIs during World War I, even though these injuries seemed unlikely candidates for attention during a global war. 69The Unassuming Peripheral NerveAssociated with the emerging specialty of neurology, a surprising number of elaborate investigations described the anatomy and clinical examinations of the peripheral nervous system during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Descriptions of the loss of motor power in muscles in nervated by specific peripheral nerves were followed by various clinical reports of "trick" movements mimicking functional regeneration. 9,17,62,63 Detailed studies of sensory loss and recovery were explained by sophisticated theo ries of collateral innervation, nerve anastomosis, or nerve growth from healthy, adjacent areas. 9,25,26,56 Findings in studies of the fascicular structure of the peripheral nerve and of histological degeneration after PNI were con firmed by the introduction of the silver precipitation stain of Golgi and the methylene blue method of Ehrlich. 18,64The monogenetic or downgrowth of nerve regeneration had been established by investigators such as G. Carl Hu ber, 29 who described the principle in simple terms:The development of military medical care for peripheral nerve injuries during World War I William Hanigan, m.D., PH.D. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MississippiAlthough the clinical and electrical diagnoses and treatments of peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) had been de scribed prior to World War I, many reports were fragmented and incomplete. Individual physicians' experiences were not extensive, and in 1914 the patient with a PNI remained a subject of medical curiosity, and was hardly a focus of comprehensive care.World War I altered these conditions; casualties with septic wounds and PNIs swamped the general hospitals. By 1915, specialized hospitals or wards were developed to care for neurolog...

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Pathology at War 1914–1918: Germany and Britain in Comparison

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Support for the American Expeditionary Forces by the US Army Medical Corps During World War I

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Support for the American Expeditionary Forces by the US Army Medical Corps During World War I

“Voices of the People”: Linguistic Research Among Germany's Prisoners of War During World War I

The development of military medical care for peripheral nerve injuries during World War I

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