Pathophysiology of peste des petits ruminants in sheep (Dorper &amp; Kajli) and goats (Boer &amp; Beetal)

Khan, Ahrar; Saleemi, M. Kashif; Ali, Farah; Abubakar, Muhammad; Hussain, Riaz; Abbas, Rao Zahid; Khan, Imtiaz Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.009

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The results showed that the mortality of lambs at the first 3 week of age, were usually due to their infection with some pathogens such as; enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from enteric or septicemic forms, Clostridia, Pasteurella, FMD, Salmonella, PPR, and Coronavirus and Rotavirus. Infected lambs with the above-mentioned pathogens exhibited some symptoms such as; fever, diarrhea, poor appetite, weight loss due to sores in mouth (Scholes and Edwards, 2009;Khan et al, 2018;Durham and Stevenson, 1979). .…”

Section: Mortality Rate Of Newborn Lambs (Mr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence Patterns and Population Density of Barking Deer (Muntiacus Vaginalis) in the Southern Slopes of Himalaya Foothills, Punjab, Pakistan

2020

THE JAPS

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A serious problem in the sheep industry of Kuwait is the high mortality rate of newborn lambs especially during the first three weeks of age. The present study was carried out with the objective to improve the existing vaccination protocol of ewes in the farms of Kuwait, to boost ewe's immunity to produce high quality colostrum. The required baseline data of mortality of young lambs were collected by intensive survey work. Survey studies showed that the mortality rate of young lambs ranged between 30-50% in the sheep farms of Kuwait. Results of field experiment showed that the concentration of Igs of serum and colostrum collected from vaccinated pregnant ewes during pregnancy period was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the rest of the farms where no vaccination was made during pregnancy, and reached 45.79±0.561mg/ml and 65.9±0.805mg/ml in the serum and colostrum, respectively. In addition, the main causes of lambs' mortality were diagnosed as due to the infections by; Clostridia and Pasteurella. From the present study it is concluded that vaccinating ewes during pregnancy period, resulted in significantly higher (P<0.05) secretion of Igs in ewes' blood and colostrum, which resulted into a positive effect on decreasing the mortality rate of young lambs, and is considered very beneficial to livestock-industry-in-Kuwait.

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Section: Mortality Rate Of Newborn Lambs (Mr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence Patterns and Population Density of Barking Deer (Muntiacus Vaginalis) in the Southern Slopes of Himalaya Foothills, Punjab, Pakistan

2020

THE JAPS

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“…Rates of morbidity and mortality are very high that can reach up to 80%–90% and 50%–80%, respectively (Abubakar, Jamal, Hussain, & Ali, 2008; Abubakar, Jamal, Khan, & Ali, 2010; Abubakar et al., 2016; Manzoor et al., 2018; Zahur et al, 2009). It is also reported that morbidity and mortality rates are high in local breeds of sheep and goat than imported breeds (Khan et al., 2018; Ullah et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus (Pakistani isolates) and comparative appraisal of diagnostic assays

Manzoor¹,

Abubakar²,

Zahur³

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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This study was designed to characterize N gene sequences of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) isolates circulating in Pakistan and to evaluate the efficacy of available diagnostic assays on local isolates. During the study period, a total of sixty PPR outbreaks were investigated. A total of 20 selected samples from these outbreaks were sequenced for N gene. The result analysis and the phylogenetic trees indicated two different viral groups in N gene: one was closer to China and Tajikistan, while other group was similar to isolates from Iran and Saudi Arabia. Efficacy of three commercially available tests for the antigen detection of PPR, that is, peste test, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was compared. Keeping PCR as gold standard, sensitivity was calculated as 85% and 57% and specificity was calculated as 83% and 79% for ELISA and peste test, respectively. Value of K for ELISA was 0.67 which indicates good agreement between ELISA and RT‐PCR. Value of K for peste test was 0.33 which indicates fair agreement between peste test and RT‐PCR. In conclusion, study provides premier information about the use of different diagnostic tests and molecular situation of PPRV in Pakistan.

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“…These animals play a pivotal role in the livelihood of the people in terms of meat and milk production and are mainly kept under tropical and sub-tropical climatic conditions. The dairy animals in Punjab Province suffer from different viral [10], bacterial [11,12], and parasitic diseases [13] resulting in serious economic losses. Among different bacterial diseases, blackleg or myonecrosis which affects cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological and clinical investigations of an outbreak of Blackleg disease due to C. chauvoei in cattle in Punjab, Pakistan

Hussain

Javed

Khan

et al. 2019

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Clostridium chauvoei (C. chauvoei) is an anaerobic, histotoxic Gram-positive, bacterium causing fatal myonecrosis in livestock with high mortalities. The disease is common in dairy animals, but little is known about the pathophysiology of the disease in exotic (non-native) animals kept under local conditions in Pakistan. Methodology: Diagnosis of blackleg was made based on hematological and serum biochemical analysis, PCR, necropsy and histopathology. Results: Clinically sick animals exhibited fever, lameness, subcutaneous gaseous swelling and edema particularly in hindquarter and front legs. Hematological analysis showed increases in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and reduces in number of red blood cells, packed cell volume, leukocytes and differential leukocyte count. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphates, alanine aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, creatine kinase, and creatinine phosphokinase were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the infected animals. At necropsy, swelling areas contained straw-colored fluid with gas bubbles. The muscles were swollen, dark to black and exhibited crepitation sounds at the time of incisions with a rancid odor. Severe pulmonary edema, myocarditis along with petechial hemorrhages, as well as enlargement and congestion of liver and spleen have been observed. Microscopic examination revealed severe inflammatory reaction, edema, and disruption of the myofibrils. Examination of heart, spleen, liver, kidneys, intestine, and lungs showed congestion, severe inflammatory changes with neutrophilic infiltration and necrosis accompanied by dissociation of the normal tissue structure. PCR confirmed C. chauvoei in exudates and different samples of muscles. Conclusion: The pathophysiology should be considered in diagnosis of blackleg. The disease is exist in the non-native cattle farms and biosecurity measures have to be elevated.

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Pathophysiology of peste des petits ruminants in sheep (Dorper & Kajli) and goats (Boer & Beetal)

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Occurrence Patterns and Population Density of Barking Deer (Muntiacus Vaginalis) in the Southern Slopes of Himalaya Foothills, Punjab, Pakistan

Occurrence Patterns and Population Density of Barking Deer (Muntiacus Vaginalis) in the Southern Slopes of Himalaya Foothills, Punjab, Pakistan

Genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus (Pakistani isolates) and comparative appraisal of diagnostic assays

Pathological and clinical investigations of an outbreak of Blackleg disease due to C. chauvoei in cattle in Punjab, Pakistan

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