Patient and visitor violence in general hospitals: A systematic review of the literature

Hahn, Sabine; Zeller, Adelheid; Needham, Ian; Kok, Gerjo; Dassen, Theo; Halfens, Ruud J.G.

doi:10.1016/j.avb.2008.07.001

Cited by 152 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This trend is confirmed by studies that have investigated this type of violence in emergency settings (Gacki-Smith et al 2009:340;Gates, Ross & McQueen 2006;Kasangra et al 2008Kasangra et al :1274Kennedy 2004), general hospitals (Hahn et al 2008;Magnavita & Heponiemi 2012), community health settings (Kajee-Adams & Khalil, 2010) and psychiatric settings (Bimenyimana et al 2009;Khalil 2010). Gates et al's (2006:333) investigation into type 2 workplace violence at emergency units in the U.S.A. confirmed that patients were the largest perpetrator group.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Nurses’ experiences and understanding of workplace violence in a trauma and emergency department in South Africa

Kennedy

Julie²

2013

Health SA Gesondheid

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Violence in South African society has reached epidemic levels and has permeated the walls of the workplace. The aim of the study was to gain a deeper understanding of how nurses experience and understand workplace violence perpetrated by patients, and to make recommendations to reduce this type of violence. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was conducted to explore the experiences and coping mechanisms of nurses regarding workplace violence. The purposive sample comprised eight nurses working in the Trauma and Emergency Department in the Western Cape, South Africa. Thematic analysis was done of the semi-structured interviews. Four main themes and 10 categories were identified. Nurses are experiencing physical threats, verbal abuse and psychological and imminent violence on a regular basis. They tend to ‘normalise’ abusive patient behaviour because of the perception that workplace abuse ‘comes with the territory’, which resulted in under-reporting. However, perpetrators received compromised care by being avoided, ignored or given only minimal nursing care. Coping mechanisms ranged from using colleagues as sounding boards, helping out with duties, taking a smoke break and using friends and family to get it ‘off their chest’. The tolerance of non-physical violence and the absence of policies to deal with the violence, contribute to under-reporting.Geweld in die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing het epidemiese vlakke bereik en selfs werksplekke binnegedring. Die doel van die studie was om ‘n dieper begrip te verkry van hoe verpleegsters geweld deur pasiënte by die werksplek ervaar en verstaan, en aanbevelings te maak om hierdie tipe van geweld te verminder. ‘n Kwalititatiewe, eksploratiewe en beskrywende ontwerp is gebruik om die ervaringe en hanteringsmeganismes te verken van verpleegkundiges wat aan werkpleksgeweld blootgestel was. ‘n Doelgerigte steekproef is gedoen bestaande uit agt verpleegkundiges werksaam in die Trauma en Nooddienste Departement in die Weskaap, Suid Afrika. Die semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is kwalitatief ontleed vir temas. Vier hooftemas en 10 kategorieë is geïdentifiseer. Verpleegkundiges ervaar dreigemente van fisiese geweld, verbale misbruik en psigiese en dreigende geweld gereeld. Hulle is geneig om pasiënte se misbruikende gedrag te ‘normaliseer’ omdat hulle die persepsie het dat geweld of misbruik ‘deel van die werksomgewing’ is. Hierdie persepsie gee aanleiding tot onder-rapportering van nie-fisiese geweld en gekompromitteerde sorg deurdat skuldige pasiënte of vermy, geïgnoreer of minimale sorg gegee word. Hanterings meganismes sluit in reflektering teenoor kollegas, uithelp met take, die gebruikmaking van ’n rook breek, en ontlaaing teenoor familielede en vriende. Die toleransie van nie-fisiese geweld en die gebrek van beleidsriglyne dra by tot die onder-rapportering van werksplek geweld.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Nurses’ experiences and understanding of workplace violence in a trauma and emergency department in South Africa

Kennedy

Julie²

2013

Health SA Gesondheid

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“…The majority of acts of physical or verbal aggression originate from patients or visitors (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). While most incidents of patient or visitor aggression (PVA) arise in mental health and accident and emergency departments (10,11), PVA also occurs in other clinical settings, such as medical and surgical departments (12,13). Frequent staff exposure to aggression hampers recruitment and retention, and engenders a multitude of problems in the workforce, such as heightened risk of burnout, sleep disturbance, anxiety, as well as intent to leave the profession (6,9,14,15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of aggression management training programmes for nursing staff and students working in an acute hospital setting. A narrative review of current literature

Heckemann¹,

Zeller²,

Hahn³

et al. 2015

Nurse Education Today

123

144

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“…In places such as Turkey, physical and verbal abuse of health personnel by relatives of patients have been recorded (Çelik et al, 2007). The situation in this study is thus, not peculiar to the study context (Hahn et al, 2008). In Ghana and many other contexts, one can attribute such physical confrontations to lax security at various hospitals to help prevent intrusions into health facilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…It also expands perspective on the best treatment options by situating the entire process within the broader social structure of the patient including their social norms and practices concerning health as acknowledged by the seminal work of Berkman (1995). There is moreover systematic evidence across the globe as regards agitations between health personnel and visitors in general hospitals (Çelik, Çelik, Ağırbaş, & Uğurluoğlu, 2007; Hahn et al, 2008; Levine & Zuckerman, 1999). In places such as Turkey, physical and verbal abuse of health personnel by relatives of patients have been recorded (Çelik et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“ Who'll do all these if I'm not around?” : Bonding social capital and health and well-being of inpatients

Amoah¹,

Koduah

Gyasi³

2018

International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well

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Purpose: Although social capital influences health-related decisions and behavioural patterns in many developing countries, minimal attention has been paid to the nuances of its effect on healthcare. This paper examines how bonding social capital affects healthcare delivery for inpatients in Ghana. Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used and thematic analysis method employed to analyse the data. Interviews were conducted with health professionals and relatives and close friends of inpatients in three public health facilities in Ashanti region. Results: Relatives and close friends of inpatients were a critical source of instrumental support such as provision of meals, laundry services, running errands and financial assistance as well as emotional support. These functions—that were both ‘expected’ and ‘encouraged’— reduced the burden on the health facilities, which apparently had limited resources to offer adequate care. However, the relatives of inpatients sometimes inadvertently obstructed efficient healthcare delivery through actions such as extending ‘unapproved’ alternative care to patients. Moreover, the process of contributing towards health and well-being of the sick exposed the relatives to health risks due to poor living conditions. Conclusion: A well-defined and befitting role must be devised for at least an immediate social relation of inpatients to improve the positive effects of bonding social capital on healthcare delivery.

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Patient and visitor violence in general hospitals: A systematic review of the literature

Cited by 152 publications

References 40 publications

Nurses’ experiences and understanding of workplace violence in a trauma and emergency department in South Africa

Nurses’ experiences and understanding of workplace violence in a trauma and emergency department in South Africa

The effect of aggression management training programmes for nursing staff and students working in an acute hospital setting. A narrative review of current literature

“ Who'll do all these if I'm not around?” : Bonding social capital and health and well-being of inpatients

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