Patient Isolation in the High-Prevalence Setting: Challenges with Regard to Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli

Colistin-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Report of a Cluster of 24 Cases from a New Oncology Center in Eastern India

“…These included universal precautions, appropriate use of personal protective equipment, enhanced and supervised housekeeping and cleaning activities, emphasis on hand hygiene, electronic flagging of the biohazard symbol on the hospital information system screen, a physical flagging of affected patients with a "safety first" board near the bed, e-mail communications of CRK results to relevant clinical and supporting staff groups, and staff education. 3 There is a high prevalence of antibiotic resistance in this geographical area. The prevalences of extended-spectrum blactamase and carbapenemase producers in bloodstream infections in the same period were approximately 70% and 39%, respectively.…”

“…2 The most frequently isolated species is Candida albicans, although nonalbicans species have emerged as important opportunistic pathogens. 3 Early colonization may come from the mother (vertical transmission) or from the environment or hospital staff (horizontal transmission). 4 Risk factors for colonization and posterior infection are prematurity, very low birth weight (VLBW), male sex, vaginal delivery, indwelling catheters, total parenteral nutrition, broad-spectrum antibiotics, ventilatory support, gastrointestinal disorders, previous documented history of bloodstream infection, and abdominal surgery.…”

“…Therefore, the definition of IC is a positive culture of a sterile body fluid sample, which can have a sensitivity of only 29%. 3,7 On January 24, 2013, the State Committee of Hospital Infection Control was notified of the occurrence of 5 newborn deaths of unknown etiology in an NICU of a large public hospital in the Brazilian Amazon within a period of 4 days. On the same day, an investigation was conducted to confirm the outbreak, identify risk factors for infection, identify the microbiological agent involved, and propose recommendations to prevent new infections.…”

Low Incidence of Central Venous Catheter–Related Bloodstream Infections in Stem Cell Transplant Patients in Eastern India Despite High Community Burden of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

“…With the increasing burden of multidrug-resistant bacterial organisms (MDROs) in communities worldwide, the risk of CVC colonization and subsequent life-threatening bloodstream infections (BSI) with these organisms poses a serious threat to transplant practice. 1,2 Hence, safety management of central lines presents major challenges in the setting of hematological disorders. We evaluated our experience with CVC MDRO colonization and bacteremia at the stem cell transplant (SCT) unit in the Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India.…”

Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance in an Oncology Center in Eastern India

“…1,2 In this study we describe the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance from a new oncology and bone marrow transplantation center in eastern India. The method of antimicrobial susceptibility testing was per the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.…”