“…The value of patient participation has been recognized in health care worldwide as a means of enhancing quality of care (Jangland, Carlsson, Lundgren, & Gunningberg, ) and ensuring patient safety (Andersson, Frank, Willman, Sandman, & Hansebo, ; McTier, Botti, & Duke, ). However, the concept of patient participation is unclear (Li, Li, & Yang, ; Schoeb & Bürge, ) and there is emerging evidence of a lack of congruence between patients' and clinicians' understanding of participation (Eldh, Ekman, & Ehnfors, ; Papastavrou et al., ).…”