Patient�s Compliance with Oral Antibiotics Treatments at Community Health Centers in Surabaya: A 20-KAO Questionnaire Development

Abstract

The irrational and incompliance use of antibiotics has been correlated to bacterial resistance. Several methods evaluated patients' compliance with oral antibiotics have been conducted. However, a standard questionnaire for evaluating oral antibiotics compliance in Indonesian has not been developed yet. This study was conducted to record the content validity of the developed questionnaire called 20-KAO to assess compliance with oral antibiotics. The validity content test was conducted through six experts review using the Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale-Content Validity Index (S-CVI). The experts were also requested to provide recommendations for each item, whether revisions or deletion. After the review process, the number of questions remains unchanged. A total of 19 out of 20 items had an I-CVI of 1.00, and S-CVI was calculated at 0.98. Therefore, 20 items of the 20-KAO questionnaire have excellent content validity. However, future construct validity and reliability test to analyze the responses of targeted respondents and the questionnaire's consistency are needed.

Patient compliance: A concept analysis

“…Self-care behavior attribute is measured in several instruments, including the Hypertension Self-Care Activity Level Effects (Warren Findlow et al, 2013 ), the Therapeutic Self-Care (Sidani & Doran, 2014 ), Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory (Riegel et al, 2018 ), and Self-Care Inventory (SCI)–Patient Version (Luciani et al, 2022 ). The attribute of following health recommendations is measured in the Medication Compliance Questionnaire (MCQ) scale (Basmakci et al, 2022 ), the Compliance Evaluation Test (Ali et al, 2019 ), and the Kepatuhan Antibiotik Oral-20 (KAO-20) (Zulfa & Handayani, 2020 ), covering whether the patients take medications as prescribed. Moreover, following health recommendations is assessed in Prigge et al’s compliance scale (Prigge et al, 2015 ), which reflects following the prescribed treatment regularly and continuously.…”