Patient-Specific Simulations Reveal Significant Differences in Mechanical Stimuli in Venous and Arterial Coronary Grafts

Patient-specific cardiovascular simulation has become a paradigm in cardiovascular research and is emerging as a powerful tool in basic, translational and clinical research. In this paper we discuss the recent development of a fully open-source SimVascular software package, which provides a complete pipeline from medical image data segmentation to patient-specific blood flow simulation and analysis. This package serves as a research tool for cardiovascular modeling and simulation, and has contributed to numerous advances in personalized medicine, surgical planning and medical device design. The SimVascular software has recently been refactored and expanded to enhance functionality, usability, efficiency and accuracy of image-based patient-specific modeling tools. Moreover, SimVascular previously required several licensed components that hindered new user adoption and code management and our recent developments have replaced these commercial components to create a fully open source pipeline. These developments foster advances in cardiovascular modeling research, increased collaboration, standardization of methods, and a growing developer community.

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“…Signifi-cant differences in biomechancial conditions between venous and arterial grafts were identified. 49 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SimVascular: An Open Source Pipeline for Cardiovascular Simulation

et al. 2016

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“…Second, we consider a model of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (see, e.g., [27,36]) with 4,199,945 tetrahedral elements and rigid walls, coupled with a closedloop 0D lumped parameter network (LPN), including coupled heart, coronary and systemic circulation models ( Figure 18). Simulations were performed using 168 cores (∼ 24, 000 elements per core), with a time step of 0.87 millisecond and a non linear iteration tolerance of = 10 −3 .…”

Section: Coronary Artery Bypass Graftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of preconditioned iterative linear solvers for cardiovascular simulations in rigid and deformable vessels

2019

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Computing the solution of linear systems of equations is invariably the most time consuming task in the numerical solutions of PDEs in many fields of computational science. In this study, we focus on the numerical simulation of cardiovascular hemodynamics with rigid and deformable walls, discretized in space and time through the variational multiscale finite element method. We focus on three approaches: the problem agnostic generalized minimum residual (GMRES) and stabilized bi-conjugate gradient (BICGS) methods, and a recently proposed, problem specific, bi-partitioned (BIPN) method. We also perform a comparative analysis of several preconditioners, including diagonal, block-diagonal, incomplete factorization, multigrid, and resistance based methods. Solver performance and matrix characteristics (diagonal dominance, symmetry, sparsity, bandwidth and spectral properties) are first examined for an idealized cylindrical geometry with physiologic boundary conditions and then successively tested on several patientspecific anatomies representative of realistic cardiovascular simulation problems. Incomplete factorization preconditioners provide the best performance and results in terms of both strong and weak scalability. The BIPN method was found to outperform other methods in patientspecific models with rigid walls. In models with deformable walls, BIPN was outperformed by BICG with diagonal and Incomplete LU preconditioners.

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“…1,2 Due to the close relation between hemodynamics and the various ailments in the human body, 3 Leng et al 4 and Saho and Onishi 5 simulated hemodynamics in 3D angiography cerebral models. They studied intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis and cerebral aneurysms, respectively, but results of Saho and Onishi indicated that the cause of cerebral aneurysms remained unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation Analysis of Blood Flow in Arteries of the Human Arm

Liu

Pan

et al. 2017

Biomed. Eng. Appl. Basis Commun.

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Arteries in the upper limb play important roles in the circulation system of the human body. In particular, the radial artery has received considerable attention in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Here, a 3D model for the arm arteries has been created uncomplicated, in a Chinese adult’s left hand, from the magnetic resonance imaging data, using professional modeling software to restore the basic structure of the arm artery in human body, before being imported to Ansys software for simulation. Blood model has been only simulated, and using the blood density of constant parameter and viscosity using the Carreau fluid model, and using viscous-laminar model of Fluent to obtain the velocity profile, static pressure and shear stress in the brachial, interosseous, ulnar, radial and palmar arch arteries. In particular, the brachial and bifurcations have the high pressure and velocity profiles. The simulation results obtained here are also validated by those published in the literature and proved the ulnar artery prevails over the radial artery as a blood supplier to the vessels in the wrist and hand.

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Patient-Specific Simulations Reveal Significant Differences in Mechanical Stimuli in Venous and Arterial Coronary Grafts

Cited by 48 publications

References 46 publications

SimVascular: An Open Source Pipeline for Cardiovascular Simulation

SimVascular: An Open Source Pipeline for Cardiovascular Simulation

Performance of preconditioned iterative linear solvers for cardiovascular simulations in rigid and deformable vessels

Simulation Analysis of Blood Flow in Arteries of the Human Arm

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