Pattern of anti-HIV dipyranocoumarin expression in callus cultures of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.

Production of anti-HIV-1 calanolides in a callus culture of Calophyllum brasiliense (Cambes)

“…Thus, for PGRs treatments, WPM was selected as the culture medium. These results are similar to those previously reported in C. inophyllum by Pawar et al (2007), where explants positively responded to WPM. Initially, KIN and 2,4-D or NAA were selected for developing in vitro C. brasiliense cultures, since they are the more active and are commonly the PGRs employed to establish tissue cultures (Staba 1982).…”

“…The highest callus induction (80.67%) in leaf explants was obtained when KIN was combined with NAA at concentrations of 0.46 and 5.37 lM (Table 1), whereas the highest callus induction (100%) occurred in seed explants treated with BA 8.88 lM and PIC 24.84 lM (Table 2). Similar observations were made by Pawar et al (2007) in Calophyllum inophyllum, who reported callus induction of 86.66% in seed explants when applying similar concentrations of BA and PIC. It is known that plant cells are totipotent and that induction responses depend on the age of the explant (Bhojwani and Razdan 1983).…”

“…Calanolide B was the major coumarin produced by FCS (309.25 mg kg -1 dry weight (DW)), followed by (Table 3). C. inophyllum callus cultures produced similar concentrations of dipyranocoumarins (405.9 mg kg -1 fresh weight (FW) of inophyllum B and 1413.50 mg kg -1 FW of inophyllum P) (Pawar et al 2007). Furthermore, other peaks of unidentified compounds were observed in the FCS chromatograms.…”

“…In short, it is likely that biotic elicitation represents a suitable option to increase calanolides content. Another feasible strategy for increasing calanolides production could be the establishment of cell suspension cultures, which, besides of all, allow for an enhanced process control as stated by Pawar et al (2007Pawar et al ( , 2009. Higher concentrations of several secondary metabolites had been obtained from cell suspension cultures compared to those from wild plants (Mulabagal and Tsay 2004).…”

“…inophyllum (Thengane et al 2006). There are also reports of anti-HIV dipyranocoumarins production in callus and cell suspension cultures of C. inophyllum (Pawar et al 2007;Pawar and Thengane 2009). To our knowledge, however, there are no reports using C. brasiliense tissue culture.…”