Pattern of paediatric renal disease in inpatients in Calabar, Nigeria

Abstract

A 10-year retrospective review of inpatients in Calabar showed that of 5641 children admitted,182 (3.2%) had renal disease. The major lesions were acute glomerulonephritis (36.9%) and nephrotic syndrome (30.7%), while less common ones included urinary tract infection (8.9%), obstructive uropathy, acute renal failure (6.7%, each) and nephroblastoma (6.2%).

Presentation and pattern of childhood renal diseases in Gusau, North-Western Nigeria

“…Studies from different parts of Nigeria and the world have reported variable patterns of renal diseases in children. Though our prevalence of 3.2% was low and may not be significant, it was similar to the 3.2% obtained in Calabar, [5] 3.9% in Lagos, [6] 3.0% in Libya, [7] and 3.3% in Pakistan. [8] However, it was lower than the 4.0% reported by Okoro et al [9] in Enugu and 6.3% by Bhatta et al [10] in Nepal.…”

Epidemiology and clinical features of acute glomerulonephritis in Calabar, Nigeria

“…For instance, reports from Enugu (Okafor et al, 1995), Port Harcourt (Eke and Nte, 1994), and Zaria (Akhionbare and Abdulrahman, 1984) have indicated increasing yearly incidence of this condition as against earlier reports from Ibadan and other parts of the world (Meadow 1975;Etuk et al 2006;Antia, 1995). In most parts of the developing world, including Nigeria, paediatric cases of AGN is largely associated with streptococcal infection of the throat and skin, a situation closely linked to low socio-economic status and poor environmental hygiene (Bello, 1991).…”

“…The epidemiology and clinical features of AGN tend to vary with place and time within Africa (Travis1978; Etuk et al, 2006). For instance, reports from Enugu (Okafor et al, 1995), Port Harcourt (Eke and Nte, 1994), and Zaria (Akhionbare and Abdulrahman, 1984) have indicated increasing yearly incidence of this condition as against earlier reports from Ibadan and other parts of the world (Meadow 1975;Etuk et al 2006;Antia, 1995).…”

“…It remains the leading renal cause of childhood morbidity in the developing countries in contrast to the observed marked decline in its incidence in the rest of the world (Bello 1991;Eke and Nte, 1994;Meadow, 1975;Etuk et al, 2006). In most centres in Nigeria, it is the commonest cause of renal morbidity in children (Eke and Nte, 1994;Etuk et al, 2006;Okafor et al, 1995;Akhionbare and Abdulrahman, 1984;Hendrickse and Gilles, 1963;Hutt and White, 1964). AGN is a major cause of childhood hypertension with its complications.…”

Chronic Kidney Disease in Children in Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

“…Moreover, urinary tract infection, acute glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome can be considered as risk factors for the development of chronic kidney disease if not detected early and managed promptly (6,7) .…”