Pattern of two wheeler road traffic accidents in rural setting: a retrospective study

Abstract

Background: Roads and vehicles which are for making life comfortable and faster, can result in miserable life when one meet a road traffic accident. By 2020 road traffic accident is projected to become the third leading contributor to the global burden of disease in the world and 6 th place as a major cause of mortality worldwide. Motor cyclists are about 25 times more risk than passenger car occupants to die because of road traffic accidents. The objectives of the study were, to study pattern of two wheeler road traffic accidents in rural setting. Methods: The present research is a retrospective analysis of all the two-wheeler accidents victim admitted in emergency, during the period ranging from September 2015 to February 2016. Results: Among the total 2,544 patient of RTA admitted within the study period; 1,257 patients (i.e.49.41%) were due to two-wheeler accidents. Next is pedestrian (n=516, 20.2%), light motor vehicle (n=464, 18.23%), and heavy motor vehicle accidents contribute (n=307, 12.06%). Conclusions: lack of road driving sense and lack of knowledge of traffic rules. Regarding the type of vehicles involved in these accidents, the maximum number of accidents was due to two wheeler vehicles (scooter/motorcycle).

Pattern of Fatal IntraAbdominal Injuries in Autopsy Cases- A 3 Year Retrospective Study

“…In this study, the most common cause of abdominal trauma was road traffic accidents (91 cases, 75.8%) followed by fall from height (18 cases, 15%) which is consistent with the studies conducted by Panchal et al 6 Among road traffic accidents, bike riders (38.5%) constituted maximum number of cases followed by pillion riders (31.8%). These results are similar to the studies conducted by Gupta et al 7 and Norton et al 8 The most common cause of death in our study was shock and haemorrhage (69.2%) which is similar to the studies conducted by Ravindra et al 9 Liver was involved in majority of the victims (61 cases) followed by spleen (54 cases). Kidney was involved in 54 cases as compared to 22 cases of small intestine.…”

Effect of Dress Code of Sri Lankan Female School Teachers on their Job Performance

“…Teachers believed that Saree is vulnerable to risks, compared to casual wear. Thirty three percent of the respondent teachers had faced accidents/difficulties due to their current dress at school (Saree): this confirms that Saree is relatively risky dress as proven in the previous research conducted in India (Kumar et al, 2006;Yadav et al, 2016;Gupta et al, 2016). Teachers believed that their job performances were affected by the dress worn at work.…”

“…The self-administrative questionnaire consisted of questions split under 14 sub topics. Dimensions, variables and the measurements were decided and designed based on prior researches adopting operational definitions: satisfaction/motivation (McPherson, 1997), attractiveness (Sampson, 2016;Hughes, 2002), personal preference (McPherson, 1997), exposure of body (Jayasooriya, 2016), communication (Nath et al, 2016 ;Rosenfeld & Plax, 1977), formality (Slepian, 2015), social distance (Slepian, 2015), pressure to conform (Thinada & Rujirutana, 2008), professionalism (Slepian, 2015), time (Gentile & Imberman, 2010), comfort (McPherson, 1997, Risk of injuries/accidents (Kumar et al, 2006;Yadav et Gupta et al, 2016). Demographic details and information on working conditions and the career were derived from the first 4 sub topics.…”

“…Teachers' efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction at work is important and those can directly or indirectly affect students. As per the prior researches, the dress that teachers wear at school can affect non-verbal behavior and communication (Rosenfeld & Plax, 1977;Sampson, 2016;Hughes, 2002), approachability and familiarity (Slepian, 2015;Furnham et al, 2014), morale and quality at work (Sharkey, 2000), satisfaction (McPherson, 1997), productivity and effectiveness at work (Kaser et al, 2009;Gutierrez &Freese, 1999), work quality (Sharkey, 2000), comfort (Nickson et al, 2005), savings (McPherson, 1997;Sharkey, 2000 ), time taken to get ready (Gentile & Imberman 2010), and vulnerability to risks and accidents (Kumar et al, 2006;Yadav et al, 2016;Gupta et al, 2016). Hence, the job performance, effectiveness and the efficiency of the duties that teachers perform are likely to be affected by their dress as the prior researches have proved psychological, sociological, economic and safety implications of the dress.…”

“…Dress can also make the wearer vulnerable to risks. Complex and lengthy dresses such as Sarees and Shalwas are found to be vulnerable to risks and accidents (Kumar et al, 2006;Yadav et al, 2016;Gupta et al, 2016).…”