Pattern Visual Evoked Cortical Potentials in Patients With Toxic Optic Neuropathy Caused by Toluene Abuse

Kiyokawa, M.; Mizota, Atsushi; Takasoh, Michihiko; Adachi‐Usami, Emiko

doi:10.1016/s0021-5155(99)00102-1

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Initial optic disc appearance is usually normal, but patients gradually develop optic atrophy. Visual fields reveal enlargement of the blind spot and central depression [6,14]. Treatment with vitamins, steroids, gabapentin, or cessation of toluene exposure revealed an improvement in visual acuity and symptoms in about half of patients [6,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic toluene exposure can lead to multifocal permanent CNS injury, including brainstem and cerebellar abnormalities, cognitive decline, and peripheral neuropathy [4][5][6]. In addition to neurotoxicity, toluene causes damage to the kidneys, liver, gastrointestinal system, and heart [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This typically leads to a slow progressive decline in visual acuity ranging from 20/20 to 4/ 200 with associated diminished color vision in most patients [6,14,15]. Initial optic disc appearance is usually normal, but patients gradually develop optic atrophy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Toluene optic neurotoxicity: magnetic resonance imaging and pathologic features

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Toluene optic neurotoxicity: magnetic resonance imaging and pathologic features

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This inconsistency requires larger series to explore the effect of toluene-abuse on retinal function. Kiyokawa et al 16 studied the PVEP findings in 15 patients with toxic optic neuropathy caused by toluene abuse. They reported that PVEPs were nonrecordable in both eyes of 11 cases, the P 100 peak latency was prolonged in both eyes of 3 cases, and only 1 case showed a normal P 100 peak latency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toluene Related Toxic Optic Neuropathy

Gundogan¹,

Görgün²,

Öz³

et al. 2009

NOPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toxic optic neuropathy presenting as bilateral painless visual loss causing central or caecocentral scotoma has a wide differential diagnosis. In this report, we present a rare cause of toxic optic neuropathy presenting as almost indistinct optic disc margins in both eyes in a 30-year old man with blurred vision and difficulty in walking and in writing with a history of adhesive glue sniffing. Caecocentral scotomas in the visual fields; increased total error scores on Farnsworth-Munsell (FM) 100 Hue testing; P 100 reduced amplitude in the pattern visually evoked potentials; and N 95 reduced amplitude in the pattern electroretinogram associated with normal serum electrolytes and vitamin levels suggested acute toxic optic neuropathy related to toluene. Upon cessation of toluene use, the caecocentral scotomas almost disappeared, total error scores in the FM 100 Hue test decreased and visual acuity improved.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, peripheral neuropathy and sensorineural hearing loss was described in a painter exposed to a mixture of organic solvents, including toluene and xylene (Moshe et al 2002). Occupational exposure to (or sniffing of) toluene is thought to have an acute effect on color vision that is capable of inducing retinal and optic nerve degeneration (Gobba and Cavalleri 2003; Kiyokawa et al 1999). Interestingly, in vitro data suggest that the neurotoxic effects of styrene are related to mitochondrial damage, in addition to oxidative stress (Darè et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grand Rounds: Could Occupational Exposure to n -Hexane and Other Solvents Precipitate Visual Failure in Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy?

Carelli

Franceschini

Venturi

et al. 2007

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ContextLeber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited loss of central vision related to pathogenic mutations in the mitochondrial genome, which are a necessary but not sufficient condition to develop the disease. Investigation of precipitating environmental/occupational (and additional genetic) factors could be relevant for prevention.Case presentationAfter a 6-month period of occupational exposure to n-hexane and other organic solvents, a 27-year-old man (a moderate smoker) developed an optic neuropathy. The patient had a full ophthalmologic and neurologic investigation, including standardized cycloergometer test for serum lactic acid levels and a skeletal muscle biopsy. His exposure history was also detailed, and he underwent genetic testing for LHON mitochondrial DNA mutations. The patient suffered a sequential optic neuropathy with the hallmarks of LHON and tested positive for the homoplasmic 11778G → A/ND4 mutation. Routine laboratory monitoring revealed increased concentrations of urinary 2.5 hexandione (n-hexane metabolite) and hippuric acid (toluene metabolite) in the period immediately preceding the visual loss.DiscussionIn a subject carrying an LHON mutation, the strict temporal sequence of prolonged appreciable occupational exposure followed by sudden onset of visual loss must raise a suspicion of causality (with a possible further interaction with tobacco smoke).RelevanceIn this article, we add to the candidate occupational/environmental triggers of LHON and highlight the need for appropriate case–control (and laboratory) studies to validate the causal effect of mixed toxic exposures.

show abstract

Pattern Visual Evoked Cortical Potentials in Patients With Toxic Optic Neuropathy Caused by Toluene Abuse

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

Toluene optic neurotoxicity: magnetic resonance imaging and pathologic features

Toluene optic neurotoxicity: magnetic resonance imaging and pathologic features

Toluene Related Toxic Optic Neuropathy

Grand Rounds: Could Occupational Exposure to n -Hexane and Other Solvents Precipitate Visual Failure in Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About